Family:
Polygonaceae Juss.
Genus:
Persicaria Mill.

Persicaria limbata (Meisn.) H.Hara

This species is accepted, and its native range is Africa, Indian Subcontinent.

[FZ]

Flora Zambesiaca. Vol. 9, Part 3. Polygonaceae-Myriaceae. Pope GV, Polhill RM, Martins ES. 2006.

Type
Syntypes from Senegal and Nile Delta.
Morphology General Habit
An erect or procumbent perennial herb, sometimes forming mats, appressed hairy on the upper parts, more rarely glabrous throughout or covered with long white hairs An erect or procumbent perennial herb, sometimes forming mats, appressed hairy on the upper parts, more rarely glabrous throughout or covered with long white hairs.
Morphology Stem
Stems reddish-brown, up to 2 m or more long, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes, longitudinally striate, hollow in the lower part Stems reddish-brown, up to 2 m or more long, sometimes rooting at the lower nodes, longitudinally striate, hollow in the lower part.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves 8–16 × 0.2–1.7(3.5) cm, linear-lanceolate, acute and apiculate at the apex, narrowed to the base, sometimes crisped on the margins, pubescent or with silky hairs on both surfaces, sometimes with some glands Leaves 8–16 × 0.2–1.7(3.5) cm, linear-lanceolate, acute and apiculate at the apex, narrowed to the base, sometimes crisped on the margins, pubescent or with silky hairs on both surfaces, sometimes with some glands.
Morphology Leaves Ocrea
Ocrea brownish, 1–1.8 cm long, glabrous, membranous, with a spreading or recurved herbaceous limb 1–9 mm long, ciliate at the apex and hairy outside Ocrea brownish, 1–1.8 cm long, glabrous, membranous, with a spreading or recurved herbaceous limb 1–9 mm long, ciliate at the apex and hairy outside.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers pedicellate, in fascicles of 2–3; fascicles numerous, surrounded by bracts and borne in 2–3 dense pedunculate, terminal or lateral, spiciform racemes 2–7 × 0.5 cm in size; peduncles up to 12 cm long, hairy; bracts hairy or glabrous, with or without a ciliate margin Flowers pedicellate, in fascicles of 2–3; fascicles numerous, surrounded by bracts and borne in 2–3 dense pedunculate, terminal or lateral, spiciform racemes 2–7 × 0.5 cm in size; peduncles up to 12 cm long, hairy; bracts hairy or glabrous, with or without a ciliate margin.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Perianth white-pink, pink or bluish-pink, c. 4.5 mm long, 5-lobed; lobes 2.5–3 mm long Perianth white-pink, pink or bluish-pink, c. 4.5 mm long, 5-lobed; lobes 2.5–3 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 7; filaments 2–2.5 mm long, filiform; anthers pink, 0.4 × 0.2 mm Stamens 7; filaments 2–2.5 mm long, filiform; anthers pink, 0.4 × 0.2 mm.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary 1.5 × 1.5 mm, compressed; styles 2, 1–2 mm long united for half their length
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nut dark red-brown to black, shiny, smooth, 2.5–3 × 2.5–3 mm, ± lenticular, convex, the persistent style base forming a beak. Nut dark red-brown to black, shiny, smooth, 2.5–3 × 2.5–3 mm, ± lenticular, convex, the persistent style base forming a beak.
Ecology
Growing in moist places, often in water, on pan margins, river banks, open wet grassland, in sandy soils and alluvium, and dry water courses; up to 1500 m.
Distribution
Caprivi Strip In tropical Africa, from Egypt southwards to Dem. Rep. Congo and Tanzania and westwards to northern Nigeria, Senegal and Angola, south to Namibia and South Africa; also in India. Malawi Malawi Zimbabwe Zambia BOT N, BOT W, BOT SE, ZAM B, ZAM N, ZAM W, ZAM C, ZAM E, ZAM S, ZIM N, ZIM W, ZIM C, ZIM S, MAL C, MAL S, MOZ GI Botswana Mozambique
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Ovary 1.5 × 1.5 mm, compressed; styles 2, 1–2 mm long united for half their length.

[FWTA]

Polygonaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:1. 1954

Morphology General Habit
Perennial, 3–4 ft. long, more or less ascending
Ecology
In swamps and ditches.

[FTEA]

Polygonaceae, R. A. Graham. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1958

Morphology General Habit
An erect perennial herb.
Morphology Stem
Stems branched, green or red, basally decumbent and rooting at the nodes, usually with ascending, appressed hairs in the upper parts, or more rarely ± glabrous throughout or thickly covered with long white hairs.
Morphology Leaves Ocrea
Ocreae glabrous to hispid, membranous, brown, terminating in a spreading, green, foliaceous, undulating limb, 1–9 mm. broad, with a ciliate margin.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves sessile or subsessile, variable in shape but often narrow-lanceolate, sometimes dotted with glands, 8–11 (–15) × 0.8–1.8 (–3.5) cm., apically acute, narrowed to the base, sometimes crisped on the margins, usually pubescent, sometimes covered with silky hairs on both faces.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a dense raceme, 2–6 cm. long, on long, pubescent peduncles arising in pairs from the uppermost ocreae (singly fide Meisn.).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts, at least the lower ones, usually pubescent with ciliate margins and a terminal fringe of cilia, but varying from glabrous and terminally non-ciliate to densely hirsute with long, silky hairs.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Perianth pink 3.5–4.5 mm. Tepals 5, ovate-oblong, 2.5–3 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Styles 2, connate for approximately half their length.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nut ± rounded in outline, 2.5 × 2.5 mm., dark red-brown to black, shining, biconvex-lenticular.
Figures
Fig. 4/7, p. 23.
Habitat
Damp places, often growing in water; 1000–1500 m.
Distribution
T2 T7 T8 U3 from Egypt to Rhodesiaand west from northern Nigeria to Senegalalso in tropical Asia

Native to:

Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Chad, Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Free State, Guinea, India, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, West Himalaya, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

English
Knot weed

Persicaria limbata (Meisn.) H.Hara appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Davey, J.T. [409], Mali K000391982 No

First published in Fl. E. Himal.: 71 (1966)

Accepted by

  • Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hara, H., Stearn, W.T. & Williams, H.J. (1982). An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 3: 1-226. Trustees of British Museum, London.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Pope, G.V., Polhill, R.M. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2006). Flora Zambesiaca 9(3): 1-277. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Sharma, M., Jerath, N. & Chadha, J. (2009). Material for the flora of Punjab state - XVI: a supplement Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 33: 585-588.
  • Singh, M. & Ali, S.J. (2008). A study on aquatic Angiosperms of district Mau (East U.P.) Journal of East African Natural History 32: 877-890.

Literature

Flora Zambesiaca

  • H. Hara, Fl. E. Himalaya: 71 (1966). TAB. 3, fig. A.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2002). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. II Boissiera 58: 1-401.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Graham, R.A. (1958). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Polygonaceae: 1-40.
  • Hara, H., Stearn, W.T. & Williams, H.J. (1982). An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 3: 1-226. Trustees of British Museum, London.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lebrun, J.p., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Pope, G.V., Polhill, R.M. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2006). Flora Zambesiaca 9(3): 1-277. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Robyns, W. & al. (eds.) (1948-1963). Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi 1-10.
  • Singh, M. & Ali, S.J. (2008). A study on aquatic Angiosperms of district Mau (East U.P.) Journal of East African Natural History 32: 877-890.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.

  • Flora Zambesiaca

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  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

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  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

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  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
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