Polygonaceae
Polygonum

Polygonum cognatum Meisn.

First published in Monogr. Polyg.: 91 (1826)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is E. Medit. to Mongolia and Nepal. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Descriptions

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2016) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 1: Elatinaceae to Sphenocleaceae.

Morphology General Habit
Glabrous, sprawling perennial with a woody stock, forming prostrate mats; stems densely leafy, to 40 cm
Morphology Leaves
Leaves 10–35 × 2–10 mm, ovate to elliptic or oblong, usually subobtuse (or narrowly lanceolate and acute, var. ammanoides (Jaub. & Spach) Meissn.), rather fleshy, shortly but distinctly petiolate
Morphology Leaves Stipules
Ochreae almost entire, hyaline
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers in dense leafy flattened spikes, in clusters of (2–)5–8 at each node, on pedicels usually shorter than perianth
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Perianth segments united for half their length, 3-5 mm, green with broad white or pink margins, somewhat indurate in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruits 2–3 mm, included in the perianth, smooth, black, glossy.
Ecology
Rocky and stony ground; alt. 1200–3200 m.;
Phenology
Flowering: Jul.
Distribution
Iraq: In the thorn cushion and upper montane zones of N & NE Iraq. Syria, Lebanon, Turkey (E Anatolia), Caucasus, Iran, Pakistan, C Asia, Siberia.
Vernacular
KHANATITK (Alho, Rawi 8609B).
[FIQ]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora of Iraq

    • Ghazanfar, S. A., Edmondson, J. R. (Eds). (2013-2019). Flora of Iraq, Volumes 5.1, 5.2 and 6.0. Kew Publishing
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images