Ranunculaceae
Helleborus

Helleborus orientalis Lam.

First published in Encycl. 3: 96 (1789)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is NE. Greece to Caucasus. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Greece, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe

Introduced into:

Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Sweden

Accepted Infraspecifics

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Adolphy, K. & al. (2021). Beiträge zur Flora Nordhein-Westfalens aus dem Jahr 2020. Jahrbuch des Bochumer Botanischen Vereins 12: 199-278.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1965). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 1: 1-567. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Essl, F. & Follak, S. (2010). Bemerkenswerte floristische Funde aus Wien, Niederösterreich, dem Burgenland und der Steiermarck, teil VI. Stapfia 92: 15-20.
  • Jonsell, B. (ed.) (2001). Flora Nordica 2: 1-430. The Bergius Foundaton.
  • McLewin, W. (2019). Helleborus and the Helleborastrum problem: 1-309. Wellesley-Cambridge Press.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1993). Flora Europaea ed. 2, 1: 1-581. Cambridge University Press.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Adolphy, K. & al. (2021). Beiträge zur Flora Nordhein-Westfalens aus dem Jahr 2020. Jahrbuch des Bochumer Botanischen Vereins 12: 199-278.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1965). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 1: 1-567. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Essl, F. & Follak, S. (2010). Bemerkenswerte floristische Funde aus Wien, Niederösterreich, dem Burgenland und der Steiermarck, teil VI. Stapfia 92: 15-20.
  • Jonsell, B. (ed.) (2001). Flora Nordica 2: 1-430. The Bergius Foundaton.
  • Litvinskaya, S.A. & Murtazaliev, R.A. (2013). Flora of the Northern Caucasus: An Atlas and Identification Book: 1-688. Fiton XXI.
  • M.Iranshahr, K.H.Rechinger, H.Riedl (1992). Flora Iranica 171: 1-249. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • McLewin, W. (2019). Helleborus and the Helleborastrum problem: 1-309. Wellesley-Cambridge Press.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1993). Flora Europaea ed. 2, 1: 1-581. Cambridge University Press.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Sources

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images