Terminalia L.
Distribution
Native to:
Aldabra, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Assam, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, India, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jawa, Kazan-retto, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Maldives, Mali, Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Ogasawara-shoto, Oman, Pakistan, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Phoenix Is., Puerto Rico, Queensland, Rodrigues, Rwanda, Réunion, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Society Is., Solomon Is., Somalia, South China Sea, Southwest Caribbean, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Turks-Caicos Is., Tuvalu, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., West Himalaya, Western Australia, Windward Is., Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Cape Verde, Cayman Is., Central American Pac, Chagos Archipelago, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hawaii, Laccadive Is., Line Is., Mozambique Channel I, Netherlands Antilles, Pitcairn Is., Seychelles, Wake I.
Synonyms
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Adamaram Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 445 (1763)
- Anogeissus (DC.) Guill., A.Guillemin & G.S.Perrottet, Fl. Seneg. Tent.: 279 (1832)
- Badamia Gaertn., Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 90 (1791)
- Buceras P.Browne, Civ. Nat. Hist. Jamaica: t. 23 (1756)
- Buchenavia Eichler, Flora 49: 164 (1866)
- Bucida L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1025 (1759)
- Catappa Gaertn., Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 206 (1791)
- Chicharronia A.Rich., R.de la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 10: 529 (1845)
- Chuncoa Pav. ex Juss., Gen. Pl.: 76 (1789)
- Fatraea Thouars, Mélang. Bot. 4: 19 (1811)
- Finetia Gagnep., Notul. Syst. (Paris) 3: 278 (1916)
- Gimbernatia Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peruv. Prodr.: 138 (1794)
- Hudsonia A.Rob. ex Lunan, Hort. Jamaic. 2: 310 (1814), nom. illeg.
- Kniphofia Scop., Intr. Hist. Nat.: 327 (1777), nom. rej.
- Myrobalanifera Houtt., Nat. Hist. 2(2): 485 (1774)
- Myrobalanus Gaertn., Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 90 (1790)
- Pamea Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane: 946 (1775)
- Panel Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 447 (1763)
- Pentaptera Roxb. ex DC., Prodr. 3: 14 (1828)
- Pteleopsis Engl., Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 25 (1894)
- Ramatuela Kunth, F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 7: 253 (1825)
- Ramatuella Poir., G.-F.Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 44: 426 (1826), orth. var.
- Resinaria Comm. ex Lam., Encycl. 1: 349 (1785), not validly publ.
- Tanibouca Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane: 448 (1775)
- Terminaliopsis Danguy, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 29: 108 (1923)
- Vicentia Allemão, Pl. Novas Brasil: t. s.n. (1844)
Accepted Species
- Terminalia actinophylla Mart.
- Terminalia acuminata (Allemão) Eichler
- Terminalia adamantium Cambess.
- Terminalia adenopoda Miq.
- Terminalia albida Scott Elliot
- Terminalia amazonia (J.F.Gmel.) Exell
- Terminalia anisoptera (Welw. ex M.A.Lawson) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia ankaranensis Capuron
- Terminalia anogeissiana Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia apetala (Vollesen) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia arbuscula Sw.
- Terminalia archboldiana Exell
- Terminalia archipelagi Coode
- Terminalia arenicola Byrnes
- Terminalia argentea Mart.
- Terminalia aridicola Domin
- Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.
- Terminalia aroldoi Bisse
- Terminalia arostrata Ewart & O.B.Davies
- Terminalia aubletii Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia australis Cambess.
- Terminalia avicapitis Coode
- Terminalia avicennioides Guill. & Perr.
- Terminalia barbosae (Exell) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia basilei Chiov.
- Terminalia beccarii Exell
- Terminalia belini Capuron
- Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.
- Terminalia bentii (Baker) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia bentzoe (L.) L.f.
- Terminalia bialata (Roxb.) Steud.
- Terminalia bipleura Borhidi & O.Muñiz
- Terminalia boivinii Tul.
- Terminalia brachystemma Welw. ex Hiern
- Terminalia brassii Exell
- Terminalia brevipes Pamp.
- Terminalia brownii Fresen.
- Terminalia buceras (L.) C.Wright
- Terminalia bucidoides Standl. & L.O.Williams
- Terminalia bursarina F.Muell.
- Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolfe
- Terminalia calcicola H.Perrier
- Terminalia calogemma Coode
- Terminalia calophylla Tul.
- Terminalia cambodiana Gagnep.
- Terminalia camuxa Pickel
- Terminalia canaliculata Exell
- Terminalia canescens (DC.) Radlk.
- Terminalia capitanea A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia capitulata Exell
- Terminalia carolinensis Kaneh.
- Terminalia catappa L.
- Terminalia celebica Exell
- Terminalia cephalota McPherson
- Terminalia chebula Retz.
- Terminalia cherrieri MacKee
- Terminalia citrina (Gaertn.) Roxb.
- Terminalia clemensae Exell
- Terminalia complanata K.Schum.
- Terminalia congesta (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia coronata (Stapf) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia corrugata (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia corticosa Pierre ex Craib & Hutch.
- Terminalia costaricensis (Stace) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia crassipes Kaneh. & Hatus.
- Terminalia creaghii Ridl.
- Terminalia crebrifolia A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia crenata Tul.
- Terminalia crispialata (Ducke) Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia cunninghamii C.A.Gardner
- Terminalia cyanocarpa Capuron
- Terminalia darfeuillana Pierre ex Laness.
- Terminalia darlingii Merr.
- Terminalia densiflora Craib
- Terminalia dhofarica (A.J.Scott) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia dichotoma G.Mey.
- Terminalia diptera (Sagra) Greuter & R.Rankin
- Terminalia disjuncta H.Perrier
- Terminalia divaricata H.Perrier
- Terminalia diversipilosa H.Perrier
- Terminalia domingensis Urb.
- Terminalia duckei Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia eddowesii Coode
- Terminalia eichleriana Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia elliptica Willd.
- Terminalia engleri Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia erici-rosenii R.E.Fr.
- Terminalia eriostachya A.Rich.
- Terminalia erythrocarpa F.Muell.
- Terminalia exelliana Capuron
- Terminalia exsculpta Tul.
- Terminalia fagifolia Mart.
- Terminalia fanshawei (Exell & Maguire) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia fatraea (Poir.) DC.
- Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell
- Terminalia fitzgeraldii C.A.Gardner
- Terminalia flavicans Tul.
- Terminalia foetidissima Griff.
- Terminalia franchetii Gagnep.
- Terminalia gatopensis Guillaumin
- Terminalia gazensis Baker f.
- Terminalia glabrata G.Forst.
- Terminalia glabrescens Mart.
- Terminalia glaucifolia Craib
- Terminalia gossweileri Exell & J.G.García
- Terminalia gracilipes Capuron
- Terminalia gracilis Tul.
- Terminalia grandiflora Benth.
- Terminalia grandis (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia griffithsiana Liben
- Terminalia guaiquinimae Maguire & Exell
- Terminalia guyanensis Eichler
- Terminalia habeensis (Aubrév. ex Keay) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia hadleyana W.Fitzg.
- Terminalia harmandii Gagnep.
- Terminalia hoehneana (N.F.Mattos) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia hylobates Eichler
- Terminalia hylodendron (Mildbr.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia hypargyrea K.Schum. & Lauterb.
- Terminalia impediens Coode
- Terminalia ivorensis A.Chev.
- Terminalia januarensis DC.
- Terminalia kaernbachii Warb.
- Terminalia kaiseriana F.Hoffm.
- Terminalia kajewskii Exell
- Terminalia kanchii Dhabe
- Terminalia kangeanensis Slooten
- Terminalia katikii Coode
- Terminalia kilimandscharica Engl.
- Terminalia kjellbergii Exell
- Terminalia kleinii (Exell) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia kuhlmannii Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia kumpaja R.L.Barrett
- Terminalia laeteviridis Gilg & Ledermann ex Engl.
- Terminalia latifolia Sw.
- Terminalia latipes Benth.
- Terminalia laxiflora Engl.
- Terminalia leandriana H.Perrier
- Terminalia leiocarpa (DC.) Baill.
- Terminalia litoralis Seem.
- Terminalia longespicata Slooten
- Terminalia lucida Hoffmanns. ex Mart.
- Terminalia lundquistii Exell
- Terminalia luteola A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia macadamii Exell
- Terminalia macrantha Rojo
- Terminalia macrophylla (Spruce ex Eichler) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr.
- Terminalia macrostachya (Standl.) Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia maestrensis Bisse
- Terminalia mameluco Pickel
- Terminalia mantaliopsis Capuron
- Terminalia mantaly H.Perrier
- Terminalia maoi Dhabe
- Terminalia megalocarpa Exell
- Terminalia megalophylla (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia melanocarpa F.Muell.
- Terminalia menezesii Mendes & Exell
- Terminalia microcarpa Decne.
- Terminalia modesta Tul.
- Terminalia molii Exell
- Terminalia molinetii M.Gómez
- Terminalia mollis M.A.Lawson
- Terminalia morobensis Coode
- Terminalia muelleri Benth.
- Terminalia myanmarensis W.J.Kress & DeFilipps
- Terminalia myriocarpa Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Terminalia myrtifolia (M.A.Lawson) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia narnorokensis H.Perrier
- Terminalia neglecta Bisse
- Terminalia neotaliala Capuron
- Terminalia nildae R.T.M.Ribeiro, Loiola & M.F.Sales
- Terminalia nipensis Alain
- Terminalia nitens C.Presl
- Terminalia nitidissima Rich.
- Terminalia novocaledonica Däniker
- Terminalia obidensis Ducke
- Terminalia oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud.
- Terminalia oblongata F.Muell.
- Terminalia ochroprumna (Eichler) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia oliveri Brandis
- Terminalia ombrophila H.Perrier
- Terminalia orbicularis Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia oreadum Diels
- Terminalia orientensis Monach.
- Terminalia oxycarpa Mart.
- Terminalia oxyphylla Miq.
- Terminalia pachystyla Borhidi
- Terminalia pallida Brandis
- Terminalia pallidovirens (Cuatrec.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia paniculata B.Heyne ex Roth
- Terminalia papuana Exell
- Terminalia parvifolia (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia parvula Pamp.
- Terminalia pedicellata Nanakorn
- Terminalia pellucida C.Presl
- Terminalia pendula (Edgew.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia pennyana Anozie
- Terminalia perrieri Capuron
- Terminalia petiolaris A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- Terminalia phaeocarpa Eichler
- Terminalia phanerophlebia Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia phellocarpa King
- Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia plagata Merr.
- Terminalia platyphylla F.Muell.
- Terminalia platyptera F.Muell.
- Terminalia polyantha C.Presl
- Terminalia polycarpa Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia porphyrocarpa F.Muell. ex Benth.
- Terminalia procera Roxb.
- Terminalia prostrata Pedley
- Terminalia prunioides M.A.Lawson
- Terminalia psilantha A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia pteleopsoides Exell
- Terminalia pterocarpa Melville & P.S.Green
- Terminalia pterocarya F.Muell.
- Terminalia pulcherrima (Exell & Stace) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia quintalata Maguire
- Terminalia ramatuella Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia randii Baker f.
- Terminalia reitzii Exell
- Terminalia rerei Coode
- Terminalia rhopalophora Capuron
- Terminalia richii A.Gray
- Terminalia riedelii Eichler
- Terminalia rivularis (Gagnep.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia rostrata Fosberg & Falanruw
- Terminalia rubiginosa K.Schum.
- Terminalia rubricarpa Baker f.
- Terminalia rufovestita Capuron
- Terminalia sambesiaca Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia samoensis Rech.
- Terminalia schimperiana Hochst
- Terminalia scutifera Planch. ex M.A.Lawson
- Terminalia sepicana Diels
- Terminalia septentrionalis Capuron
- Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC.
- Terminalia seyrigii (H.Perrier) Capuron
- Terminalia shankarraoi Dhabe
- Terminalia × silozensis Gibbs
- Terminalia simulans A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia slooteniana Exell
- Terminalia soembawana Slooten
- Terminalia solomonensis Exell
- Terminalia spinosa Engl.
- Terminalia steenisiana Exell
- Terminalia stenostachya Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia strigillosa A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia stuhlmannii Engl.
- Terminalia suaveolens (Eichler) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia subacroptera Domin
- Terminalia subserrata H.Perrier
- Terminalia subspathulata King
- Terminalia sulcata Tul.
- Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels
- Terminalia supitiana Koord.
- Terminalia supranitifolia Byrnes
- Terminalia surigaensis Merr.
- Terminalia tetrandra (Danguy) Capuron
- Terminalia tetraphylla (Aubl.) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia tetraptera (Wickens) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia travancorensis Wight & Arn.
- Terminalia trichopoda Diels
- Terminalia tricristata Capuron
- Terminalia triflora (Griseb.) Lillo
- Terminalia triptera Stapf
- Terminalia tristis Gilg & Ledermann ex Engl.
- Terminalia tropophylla H.Perrier
- Terminalia uleana Engl. ex Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia ulexoides H.Perrier
- Terminalia urschii H.Perrier
- Terminalia valverdeae A.H.Gentry
- Terminalia vermae M.Gangop. & Chakrab.
- Terminalia virens (Spruce ex Eichler) Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia viridiflora (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr.
- Terminalia vitiensis A.C.Sm.
- Terminalia volucris R.Br. ex Benth.
- Terminalia welwitschii
- Terminalia whitmorei Coode
- Terminalia yapacana Maguire
- Terminalia zeylanica Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
- Terminalia zollingeri Exell
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021). The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00997-6. Scientific Data 8: 215.
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- —F.T.A. 2: 415.
Flora Zambesiaca
- Mant. Pl. Alt.: 21 (1767) nom. conserv.
- Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 674 (err. 638) (1767)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Engl. & Diels in E.M. 4: 6 (1900)
- Griffiths in J.L.S. 55: 818 (1959), nom. conserv. For full synonymy see Exell in J.B. 69: 125 (1931), excl. syn. Terminaliopsis Danguy.
- Mant. Pl.: 21 (1767)
- Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 674 [err. 638] (1767)
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 1, 2006 | Cheek, M. [11806], Cameroon | K000460266 | No | ||
Coode, M. [32580], New Guinea | 35973.000 | No | |||
Hughes, J. [297], Tanzania | 36848.000 | No | |||
Hughes, J. [298], Tanzania | 36849.000 | No | |||
Coode, M.J.E. [7962], Brunei | 61311.000 | No | |||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 7418], India | K001127318 | Yes | |||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 7418], India | K001127317 | Yes |
Sources
-
Flora Zambesiaca
- Flora Zambesiaca
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Somalia
- Flora of Somalia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Flora of Tropical East Africa
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Flora of West Tropical Africa
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
- Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China
- The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images
-
Neotropikey
- Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0