Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner

[FWTA]

Rubiaceae, F. N. Hepper & R. W. J. Keay. Flora of West Tropical Africa 2. 1963

Morphology General Habit: An evergreen shrub or small tree, to 20 ft. high
Ecology: Spontaneous in the understorey of rainforest
Note: Also cultivated
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers: Flowers white.

[FTEA]

Rubiaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1976

Morphology General Habit: Tree or bush 3.5–8.5 m. tall; young branches glabrous, covered with light brown shiny bark.
Morphology Leaves: Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic, broadly elliptic or occasionally obovate to lanceolate, 12–31.5(–40) cm. long, 4.5–12(–22) cm. wide, distinctly acuminate at apex, obtuse to cuneate or sometimes rounded at base, papery to thinly coriaceous, shiny above, margin sometimes undulate in some cultivated forms; lateral nerves (8–)11–15(–17) pairs, main ones sometimes puberulent beneath; domatia rather inconspicuous, pubescent or absent; petiole 0.5–1.8(–2.1) cm. long; stipules deltate, 0.6–1.8 cm. long, obtuse or acute but always exceeded by a mucro.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers: Flowers 5–6(–7)-merous, 8–30(–48) per axil, borne in 1–4(–7) congested fascicles; peduncle up to 3 (–7 in fruit) mm. long; inflorescence-branches and pedicels compressed in flowering stage so that calyces do not or scarcely exceed the surrounding bracteole; bracteoles stipule-like, with well-developed subfoliaceous lobes, up to 2 cm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx: Calyx-tube 1–2 mm. long; limb reduced to a rim.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla: Corolla-tube 0.5–1.6 cm. long, 2–3 mm. wide at throat; lobes oblong, 0.8–1.9 cm. long, 1.8–5.5 mm. wide, obtuse to rounded.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits: Fruit red, sometimes faintly striped, broadly oblong-ellipsoid, 0.9–1.7 cm. long, 0.6–1.2 cm. wide; disc small, cylindrical, somewhat prominent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds: Seeds fawn, 7–13 mm. long, 5.5–9.5 mm. wide.
Habitat: Forest; 700–1400 m.
Distribution: T1 U1 U2 U3 West Africa, also widely cultivated

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Cabinda, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaïre

Introduced into:

Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Southeast, Caroline Is., Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Jamaica, Jawa, Leeward Is., New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicaragua, Senegal, Society Is., Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago, Windward Is.

Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner appears in other Kew resources:

IPNI - The International Plant Names Index

Date	Reference	Identified As	Barcode	Type Status
Jan 1, 2010	Erlinawati [IE 182], Indonesia		K000174548
Dec 1, 2003	Sebsebe [5106], Cameroon		K000198315
May 1, 2001	Etuge, M. [1611], Cameroon		K000051263
	Brenan, J.P.M. [8871], Nigeria		12184.000
	Keay, R.W.J. [25542], Nigeria		3293.000
	Troupin, G. [3380], Congo, DRC		3294.000
	Onochie [40405], Nigeria		6622.000
	Davis, A.P. [3026], Cameroon		70355.000
	Maurin, O. [21], Cameroon		70450.000
	Maurin, O. [24], Cameroon		70452.000
	Klaine, R.P. [1928b], Gabon		K000430924	isosyntype
	Klaine [2312], Gabon		K000265057	Unknown type material
	Chalot, C. [61], Gabon		K000265058	Unknown type material
	Chevalier, A. [12332bis], Guinea		K000265061	Unknown type material
	Chalot, C. [61], Gabon		K000265059	Unknown type material
	Chalot, C. [61], Gabon		K000265060	Unknown type material
	Chevalier, A. [12332bis], Guinea		K000265062	Unknown type material
	Chevalier, A. [12330], Guinea		K000265054	Unknown type material
	Maurin, O. [21], Cameroon		K000466435
	Maurin, O. [21], Cameroon		K000466433
May 1, 1905	Chevalier, A. [12330], Guinea	Coffea maclaudii	K000986908	Unknown type material

First published in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 1: 237 (1897)

Accepted by

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots' Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
Beaman, J.H. & Anderson, C. (2004). The Plants of Mount Kinabalu 5: 1-609. Natural history publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K., Rodríguez Delcid, D. & Olmedo Galán, P. (2016). Nova Silva Cuscatlantica. Parte 3: Angiospermae - Familias R a Z y Gymnospermae Englera 29(3): 1-356.
Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (2012). Flora Mesoamericana 4(2): 1-533. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
Davis, A.P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D.M. & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 465-512.
Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Figueiredo, E. (2007). The Rubiaceae of Cabinda (Angola) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 154: 455-495.
Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2014). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 7: 1-840. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
Harris, D.J. (2002). The vascular plants of the Dzanga-Sangha Reserve, Central African Republic: 1-274. National Botanic Garden (Belgium), Meise.
Herrera, K., Lorence, D.H., Flynn, T. & Balick, M.J. (2010). Checklist of the Vascular plants of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia with local names and uses Allertonia 10: 1-204.
Lebrun, J.P. (1973). Énumération des plantes vasculaires du Sénégal: 1-209. Maisons Alfort: Institut d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux.
Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
Welsh, S.L. (1998). Flora Societensis: 1-420. E.P.S. Inc. Utah.
Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2011). Flora of China 19: 1-884. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

Aubrév. Fl. For. C. Iv., ed. 1, 2: 250, 252
Chev. Caf. du Globe 2: tt. 28-39 ; 3: 186 (q.v. for vars.).
Lebrun Inst. Roy Colon. Belge, sect. sci. Nat. et Méd., Mém. 11, 3: 122, tt. 11-14 (q.v. for syn.)
in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 1: 237 (1897)

Kew Backbone Distributions

Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots' Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
Beaman, J.H. & Anderson, C. (2004). The Plants of Mount Kinabalu 5: 1-609. Natural history publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K., Rodríguez Delcid, D. & Olmedo Galán, P. (2016). Nova Silva Cuscatlantica. Parte 3: Angiospermae - Familias R a Z y Gymnospermae Englera 29(3): 1-356.
Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (2012). Flora Mesoamericana 4(2): 1-533. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
Figueiredo, E. (2007). The Rubiaceae of Cabinda (Angola) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 154: 455-495.
Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
Herrera, K., Lorence, D.H., Flynn, T. & Balick, M.J. (2010). Checklist of the Vascular plants of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia with local names and uses Allertonia 10: 1-204.
Lebrun, J.P. (1973). Énumération des plantes vasculaires du Sénégal: 1-209. Maisons Alfort: Institut d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux.
MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
Welsh, S.L. (1998). Flora Societensis: 1-420. E.P.S. Inc. Utah.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

A. Chev., Caféiers du Globe 1: 82, fig. 14 & 15 (1929).
A. Chev., Caféiers du Globe 2, t. 28–39 (1942)
A. Chev., Caféiers du Globe 3: 186 (1947).
Cheney, Coffee, Monogr. Econ. Sp.: 72, t.26 & 27 (1925).
Cramer, Rev. Lit. Coff. Res. Indonesia: 120 (1957).
De Wild. in Actes Congr. Intern. Bot., Paris: 233 (1900)
De Wild., Ann. Jard. Buitenz., suppl. 3, 1: 368 (1910).
De Wild., Les Caféiers: 20 & 25 (1901)
De Wild., Miss. Laurent: 330 (1906)
F. W. Andr., The Flowering Plants of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 2: 432 (1952).
Froehner in A. Engler, Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 25: 269 (1898).
Froehner in Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahelm 1: 237 (1897)
Haarer, Modern Coffee Prod.: 17 (1962).
Keay in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 2: 154 (1963).
Lebrun in Mém Inst. Col. Belge, Sect. Sci. Nat. Méd. 8°, 11(3): 122, t. 11–14 (1941).
Portères, Ann. Agric. Afr. Trop. Occ. Fr. 1, 2: 235 t. 29 & 30 (1937).
Robyns, Flore des Spermatophytes du Parc National Albert: 354 (1947).
Thomas in Emp. Journ. Exp. Agric. 12: 3 (1944).
Wellman, Coffee: 80 (1961).

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Descriptions

According to Flora of West Tropical Africa

According to Flora of Tropical East Africa

Images

Distribution

Native to:

Introduced into:

Synonyms

Other Data