[FWTA]
Pandanaceae, F.N. Hepper. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:1. 1968
- Morphology General Habit
- Trees or shrubs, trunk and branches often with aerial roots
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves in 4 rows or spirally arranged and crowded towards the top of the shoots, linear, sheathing at the base, keeled, mostly spinulose on the margins and keel
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers dioecious, paniculate or densely crowded into spadices, the latter axillary and terminal, fasciculate or paniculate, enclosed at first by spathaceous sometimes coloured or leafy bracts Female flower: staminodes absent or small and hypogynous or adnate to the base of the ovary Male flower: stamens numerous; filaments free or connate; anthers erect, basifixed, 2-celled, the cells sometimes again once divided
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
- Perianth rudimentary or absent
- sex Male
- Male flower: stamens numerous; filaments free or connate; anthers erect, basifixed, 2-celled, the cells sometimes again once divided
- sex Female
- Female flower: staminodes absent or small and hypogynous or adnate to the base of the ovary
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium
- Ovules solitary to many, basal or parietal Ovary superior, 1-celled, free or confluent with adjacent ovaries into bundles with separate or united stigmas; style very short or absent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Syncarps oblong to globose; mature carpels woody, drupaceous or baccate, pulpy inside
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds minute, with fleshy endosperm and minute embryo
[FTEA]
Pandanaceae, H.J. Beentje. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1993
- Morphology General Habit
- Trees or shrubs, less often lianas or epiphytic shrubs, often with stilt-roots or aerial roots from the lower trunk, and sometimes from the branches; branches woody, with annular leaf-scars
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves spirally arranged in 3 or 2 rows (the latter appearing as 4 rows), crowded towards the apices of the branches, simple, lanceolate or linear, sheathing at the base, coriaceous, keeled and often 3-plicate, usually with small prickles on the midrib beneath, on the margins, and sometimes on the distal ventral pleats as well
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers unisexual, crowded in branched or unbranched spadices (panicles in Sararanga); inflorescences terminal or terminating lateral shoots, enclosed at first by spathaceous and often coloured bracts Female flowers with 1-several ovaries, lacking perianth parts, sometimes with staminodia; ovary 1-locular, free or confluent with adjacent ovaries into bundles, but always with separate stigmas corresponding with the number of locules; style absent or vestigial; stigma appressed or erect, lined with glandular hairs hardening at maturity, various in form but often rounded-cordate, V- or U-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or kidney-shaped, with a basal groove corresponding in position to the location of the placenta, i.e. directly above it; staminodes, if present, hypogynous and ± adnate to the ovary (or compound ovary) wall; ovules anatropous, solitary (in >i>Pandanus) or many (in >i>Freycinetia), parietal Male flowers: perianth absent or vestigial; stamens few-numerous, in corymbs or umbels; filaments free or connate; anthers erect, basifixed, 2-thecous, opening lengthwise by slits; ovary vestigial or absent
- sex Male
- Male flowers: perianth absent or vestigial; stamens few-numerous, in corymbs or umbels; filaments free or connate; anthers erect, basifixed, 2-thecous, opening lengthwise by slits; ovary vestigial or absent
- sex Female
- Female flowers with 1-several ovaries, lacking perianth parts, sometimes with staminodia; ovary 1-locular, free or confluent with adjacent ovaries into bundles, but always with separate stigmas corresponding with the number of locules; style absent or vestigial; stigma appressed or erect, lined with glandular hairs hardening at maturity, various in form but often rounded-cordate, V- or U-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or kidney-shaped, with a basal groove corresponding in position to the location of the placenta, i.e. directly above it; staminodes, if present, hypogynous and ± adnate to the ovary (or compound ovary) wall; ovules anatropous, solitary (in >i>Pandanus) or many (in >i>Freycinetia), parietal
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits Infructescences
- Cephalia (fruiting heads) globose to oblong, solitary or in a spike, composed of ripened fruits—either drupes or clusters of partly fused drupes (phalanges) in >i>Pandanus, or berries (in >i>Freycinetia); pericarp thin, coriaceous to fleshy or firm; mesocarp fibrous, with spongy pith, fleshy (in >i>Pandanus) or gelatinous-fleshy (in >i>Freycinetia); endocarp fibrous and bony (in >i>Pandanus) to thin and lignified (>i>Sararanga) to membranous (>i>Freycinetia), enclosing the locule(s) in an integral structure; all or only some — but at least the interior ones—locules fertile
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds free (>i>Freycinetia, Sararanga) or inseparable from the endocarp (>i>Pandanus); testa membranous and delicate; endosperm white, homogeneous; embryo sub-basal
Pandanaceae R.Br. appears in other Kew resources:
First published in Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 340. 1810 [27 Mar 1810] (1810)
Accepted by
- APG IV (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0