Cyperus hortensis (Salzm. ex Steud.) Dorr

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular

botoncillo, espadilla, fósforo

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/138795616/138795657

Conservation

LC - least concern

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

J. Browning, K.D. Gordon-Gray†, M. Lock, H. Beentje, K. Vollesen, K. Bauters, C. Archer, I. Larridon, M. Xanthos, P. Vorster, J. Bruhl, K. Wilson and X. Zhang (2020). Flora Zambesiaca Volume: 14: Cyperaceae. M.Á. García, J.R. Timberlake (Eds). Kew Publish

Type

North America, “in Shavanensium regione, ad amnem Scioto”, Michaux s.n. (P-Michaux holotype).

Morphology General Habit

Short-lived or annual, 8–47 cm tall; rather densely tufted on a short juicy brittle rhizome with a slender root system, whole plant sweet-scented

Morphology Culms

Culms 8–66 cm long, 0.7–1.2 mm wide, trigonous, ridged, glabrous, bases not swollen

Morphology Leaves

Leaves up to 34 cm long; leaf sheath reddish or purple, upper ones green, 1–9 cm long, lower ones covering base of culm and bladeless; leaf blade linear, flat or channeled near midrib, 4–25 cm long, 2–3.2 mm wide, scabrid on midrib and margins

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts

Involucral bracts leaf-like, erect to spreading, 3–5, lowermost 4–17 cm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence an irregular greenish white head consisting of a central ovoid spike, 5–8 × 4–6 mm, and 1–2(?3) smaller lateral spikes, spikelets on narrow receptacle; spikelets narrowly ovoid, 2–2.5 × 0.6–0.9 mm, 1-flowered

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes pale brown to transparent, narrowly ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm long, keel green and ± winged, sometimes with many minute reddish dots, 2–4 veins on either side, keel with a few minute teeth or cilia, apex acute

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens 1–2, filaments to 1.8 mm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Nutlet pale to dark brown, ellipsoid, 1–1.2 × 0.6–0.7 mm, minutely papillose; endosperm liquid.

Distribution

Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi. Pantropical.

Ecology

Streamsides, ditches, boggy hollows, damp grassland, thin damp soil over granite; 300–2000 m.

Conservation

Widespread; not threatened. Least Concern in F.T.E.A. (2010).

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology

Alt. 5 - 3000 m.

Morphology General Habit

Herb.

Distribution

Native from Colombia.

Cyperaceae, K Hoenselaar, B. Verdcourt & H. Beentje. Hypolytrum, D Simpson. Fuirena, M Muasya. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2010

Type

Type: North America, “in Shavanensium regione, ad amnem Scioto”, Michaux s.n. (PMichaux, holo.)

Morphology General Habit

Short-lived plant or annual, 8–47 cm tall, with a slender rootsystem, the whole plant sweet-scented.

Morphology Culms

Culms rather densely tufted, 8–45 cm long, 0.7–1.2 mm wide, trigonous, ridged, glabrous

Morphology Leaves

Leaf blade linear, flat or channeled near midrib, 7–25 cm long, 2–3.2 mm wide, scabrid on midrib and margins Leaf sheath reddish or purple, more upper ones green, 1–9 cm long, the lower ones covering the base of the culm and bladeless. Leaves up to 20 cm long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts

Involucral bracts leaf-like, erect to spreading, 3–5, lowermost 4–14 cm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence an irregular greenish head consisting of a central ovoid spike, 5–8 mm long, 4–6 mm wide, and 1–2(?3) smaller lateral spikes, with spikelets on narrow receptacle.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets narrowly ovoid, 2–2.5 mm long, 0.6–0.9 mm wide, 1-flowered.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes pale brown to transparent, narrowly ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm long, keel green and ± winged, sometimes with many minute reddish dots, with 2–4 veins on either side, keel with a few minute teeth, apex acute

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens 1–2.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Filaments

Filaments to 1.8 mm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Nutlet pale to dark brown, ellipsoid, flattened, 1–1.2 mm long, 0.6–0.7 mm wide, minutely papillose; endosperm liquid.

Ecology

Stream-sides, ditches, boggy hollows, sandy river-beds or sandbanks; 250–1500(–2000) m

Conservation

Least concern (LC) due to wide distribution

Distribution

Range: Pantropical Flora districts: U1 U2 U3 U4 K1 K4 K5 T2 T3 T4, T6 T8

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 5 - 3000 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Llanura del Caribe, Orinoquia, Pacífico, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Magdalena.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

Distribution

Found in Boyacá, Colombia.

Cyperaceae, Miss S. S. Hooper. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:2. 1972

Morphology General Habit

Caespitose

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Numerous, small, green and white, 3–4 spiked, pyramidal heads

Ecology

On margins of streams, rivers and swamps and similar moist places.

Use Food

Food (State of the World's Plants 2016).

Use Materials

Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).

Use Materials Unspecified Materials Chemicals

Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).