Lepidium virginicum subsp. virginicum

Native to:

Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Bahamas, Belize, British Columbia, California, Cayman Is., Connecticut, Costa Rica, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Florida, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Kansas, Kentucky, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, North Carolina, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Windward Is., Wisconsin

Introduced into:

Albania, Algeria, Argentina Northwest, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Belgium, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Caroline Is., China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Cocos (Keeling) Is., Colombia, Colorado, Cook Is., Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Desventurados Is., East Himalaya, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, France, French Guiana, Galápagos, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hawaii, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Korea, Kriti, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Madeira, Manchuria, Marcus I., Marianas, Marquesas, Morocco, Nansei-shoto, Netherlands, New Caledonia, New South Wales, Niue, Northern Provinces, Norway, Ogasawara-shoto, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Queensland, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Ukraine, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Victoria, West Himalaya, Yugoslavia

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• (2022). https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.14.97758. epublication.
• Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021). The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00997-6. Scientific Data 8: 215.

Kew Backbone Distributions

• (1982). Flora of Australia 8: 1-420. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
• (2022). WHM.
• (2022). https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.14.97758. epublication.
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• Collenette, S. (1999). Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia: 1-799. National commission for wildlife conservation and development (NCWCD), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
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• Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 3: 1-449. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
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• Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera, C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2020). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 4(2): 1-524. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
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• Jafri, S.M.H. (1973). Flora of West Pakistan 55: 1-308.
• Jalas, J., Suominen, J. & Lampinen, R. (eds.) (1996). Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of vascular plants in Europe 11: 1-310.
• Jaramillo Díaz, P. & Guézou, A. (2017). CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galápagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checklists/vascular-plants/.
• Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
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• Kobayashi, S. & Ono, M. (1987). A Revised List of Vascular Plants Indigenous and Introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands. Ogasawara Research 13: 1-55.
• Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
• Lorence, D.H. & Wagnwe, W.L. (2020). Flora of the Marquesas Islands 2: 413-1135. National Tropical Botanic Garden, Smithsonian, DRPF.
• López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
• Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
• Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
• Morat, P. (ed.) (1997). Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et Dépendances 21: 1-121. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
• Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
• Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
• Sykes, W.R. (1970). Contributions to the flora of Niue. Bulletin, New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 200: 1-321.
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• Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R. & Sohmer, S.H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, rev. ed., 1: 1-988. University of Hawai'i Press, Bishop Museum Press.
• Whistler, A. (2018). Flora of Tokelau: 1-126. Isle Botanica, Honolulu.
• Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2001). Flora of China 8: 1-506. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
• Yuncker, T.G. (1959). Plants of Tonga. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 220: 1-283.
• Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.