Poaceae
Echinochloa
Echinochloa colona

Echinochloa colona subsp. edulis (Honda) Banfi & Galasso

First published in Nat. Hist. Sci. 8(1): 71 (2021)
This subspecies is accepted
The native range of this subspecies is a cultigen from Tropical Africa. It is an annual and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Central African Republic, India, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Afghanistan, Alabama, Angola, Arkansas, Austria, Bangladesh, Brazil Southeast, Burundi, California, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colorado, Congo, Connecticut, Czechoslovakia, District of Columbia, East Himalaya, Ethiopia, Florida, Gambia, Germany, Great Britain, Illinois, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Ireland, Kentucky, Kenya, Korea, Laos, Maine, Malaya, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Myanmar, Nebraska, Nevada, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Primorye, Queensland, Rhode I., Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Ukraine, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Zaïre

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Camus, E.G. & Camus, A. in H. Lecomte (1922). Flore Générale de l'indo-Chine 1(3): 193-336.
  • Chadde, S.W. (2019). Minnesota Flora. An illustrated guide to the vascular plants of Minnesota ed. 2: 1-776. Steve W. Chadde.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1982). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 3: 451-898.
  • Clayton, W.D. (1989). Flora Zambesiaca 10(3): 1-231. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Engelmaier, P. & Wilhalm, T. (2018). Alien grasses (Poaceae) in the flora of the Eastern Alps. Neilreichia 9: 177-245.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Probatova, N.S. & al. (2006). Flora Rossiiskogo Dal'nego Vostoka. Dopolneniya i izmeneniya k izdaniyu Sosudistye rasteniya sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka t. 1-8 (1985-1996): 1-454. Russian academy of sciences Far Eastern branch.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • de Salas, MF, Baker, ML (2022). A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 1-161. Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart. https://flora.tmag.tas.gov.au/resources/census/.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Melville, R. [s.n.] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828944 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [s.n.] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828947 Yes
Wiehe, P.O. [N/417] Malawi Echinochloa frumentacea K003355383 Yes
Roxb. [s.n.] India Echinochloa frumentacea K000215132 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lawrence, E. [164] Malawi Echinochloa frumentacea K003355385 Yes
Couradie, A.P. [45126] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355375 Yes
Rottler [s.n.] India Echinochloa frumentacea K000215133 Unknown Type Material Yes
[J. L. Mason]; Clement, E.J. [3] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828949 Yes
Robinson, D.A. [201] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355374 Yes
Evans, T. [1] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828948 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355377 Yes
Hu, S.Y.; But, P.P. [20181] Hong Kong Echinochloa frumentacea K002829498 Yes
Dixon, D.S. [s.n.] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355373 Yes
Allen, C.E.F. [127] Mozambique Echinochloa frumentacea K003355381 Yes
Van Rensberg, H.J. [114] Echinochloa frumentacea K003609714 Yes
Melville, R. [7549] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828945 Yes
Busse, W. [1066] Echinochloa frumentacea K003609711 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Malawi Echinochloa frumentacea K003355386 Yes
Roxb. [s.n.] India Echinochloa frumentacea K000215131 Unknown Type Material Yes
Brand, E. [5] Echinochloa frumentacea K003609713 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355378 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [4808] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828942 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [4045] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828941 Yes
Soulie, R.P. [s.n.] China Echinochloa frumentacea K002829501 Yes
Lawrence, E. [3] Malawi Echinochloa frumentacea K003355384 Yes
Myre, M.; Balsinhas, A. [721] Mozambique Echinochloa frumentacea K003355382 Yes
Watts, G.D. [E] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828946 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355376 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Echinochloa frumentacea K003609715 Yes
Hickin, H.J. [s.n.] China Echinochloa frumentacea K002829499 Yes
Grenfell, A.L.; Evans, K.T.G. [s.n.] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828950 Yes
de Lemos, F.; Macuacua, L. [[2]4] Mozambique Echinochloa frumentacea K003355379 Yes
Morais, A.R. [1] Mozambique Echinochloa frumentacea K003355380 Yes
Arnold, H.C. [s.n.] Zimbabwe Echinochloa frumentacea K003355372 Yes
[Arebrokmond] [[77]] China Echinochloa frumentacea K002829500 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Echinochloa frumentacea K003609712 Yes
Whony, J. [s.n.] Echinochloa frumentacea K002828943 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images