Arecaceae
Chrysalidocarpus

Chrysalidocarpus hovomantsina (Beentje) Eiserhardt & W.J.Baker

First published in Taxon 71: 1183 (2022)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is NE. Madagascar. It is a tree and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.

Descriptions

Vernacular
Hovomantsina (Betsimisaraka; 'mantsina' means stinking)
Diagnostic
inter species maximas foliolis aggregatis vagina folii versus basim glabra ceracea apice brunneo-tomentosa staminibus 6 endospermio homogeneo distincta.
Biology
Rain forest, steep slopes either near valley bottom or near ridge crest; 50-300 m.
Distribution
Only known from Maroantsetra and Mananara.
General Description
Solitary palm. TRUNK 6-15 m tall, 20-30 cm, diam., near the crown 15-20 cm diam.; internodes 10-35 cm, pale to reddish-brown basally, grey-green distally, nodal scars 1-1.5 cm, pale brown; crownshaft well-developed, 1-1.2 m, c. 25 cm diam., grey-green and covered in white wax except distally, where red-brown furry. LEAVES spirally inserted, occasionally tristichous, 6-7 in the crown, curved, with an untidy look, the leaflets held in all directions; sheath pale green to whitish, proximally waxy and glabrous, with distal dense soft pale reddish brown persistent tomentum, adaxially peachcoloured; petiole 10-56 cm, 7 x 5.5 cm diam., channelled with sharp edges, with dense red-brown indument; rachis 3-3.5 m long, in mid-leaf 3.5 cm wide, with keel; leaflets 80-96 on each side of the rachis, grouped and fanned in 3s-6s, the group interval 3-7 cm, bent downwards at two-thirds of their length, the proximal 120-242 x 0.7- 2.4 cm, median 123-135 x 3.3-4 cm, distal 22-50 x 0.6-2 cm, connate for 1.5-4 cm, with a few large laciniate ramenta, without scattered scales. INFLORESCENCE infrafoliar, c. 0.5-1 x 0.5-1 m, branched to 2-3 orders; peduncle 18-26 cm, diam. 7 x 3 cm; prophyll 21-30 cm, borne at 3-4 cm above the base of the peduncle; peduncular bract deciduous, inserted at 9-11 cm from the base of the peduncle, 45-66 x 10-12 cm, not beaked or briefly beaked with triangular beak, split for 90%; non-tubular peduncular bract occasionally present on upper peduncle, to 20 cm; rachis 48 cm, with 14 branched and 10 unbranched first order branches; rachillae stiff or sub-pendulous, green to yellow-green, 16-40 cm long, 4-8 mm diam., glabrous, with dense flowers. STAMINATE FLOWERS only known in rather young bud, with sepals 2.1-3 x 2.5-2.8 mm, very hooded; petals < 1.5 mm; stamens 6, < 1.3 mm, probably versatile. PISTILLATE FLOWERS only known from the young fruit stage, with sepals 2.7-3.1 x 3-3.3 mm; petals 3.5-3.8 x 3-4 mm; staminodes 6, flat, tooth-shaped, 0.5 mm. FRUIT not known, except for the fibrous endocarp. SEED obovoid with pointed base, 9-10 x 7-8 mm, with homogeneous endosperm. EOPHYLL entire, deeply bifid.
Conservation
Critical. Only known from two sites, both of which are under pressure from agricul- ture; populations consist of few individuals.
[PW]

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/38537/2874094

Conservation
CR - critically endangered
[IUCN]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Uses

Use
Palm-heart smelly but still eaten; no other uses.
[PW]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Palmweb - Palms of the World Online

    • Palmweb 2011. Palmweb: Palms of the World Online. Published on the internet http://www.palmweb.org. Accessed on 21/04/2013
    • Content licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0