Sapindaceae
Aesculus

Aesculus hippocastanum L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 344 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Central Balkan Peninsula to Türkiye. It is a tree and grows primarily in the temperate biome. It is used as a poison and a medicine, has environmental uses and for food.

Distribution

Native to:

Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Alabama, Austria, Belgium, British Columbia, Central European Russia, Connecticut, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Illinois, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, New Zealand South, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Poland, Québec, Romania, South European Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 529. MIM, Deurne.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Seregin, A.P. (2014). Flora of Vladimir Oblast, Russia: grid data analysis: 1-441. KMK schientific press, Moscow.
  • Shishkin, B.K. (ed.) (1950). Flora Turkmenii 5: 1-271. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
  • Verloove, F. (2011). Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Pterocarya fraxinifolia en andere opmerkelijke uitheemse rivierbegeleiders in België and Noordwest-Frankrijk. Dumortiera 99: 1-10.
  • Vvedensky, A.I. (ed.) (1959). Flora Uzbekistana 4: 1-507. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Werier, D. (2017). Catalogue of the Vascular plants of New York state. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 1-542.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 12: 1-534. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.15.105794. epublication.
  • Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Seregin, A.P. (2014). Flora of Vladimir Oblast, Russia: grid data analysis: 1-441. KMK schientific press, Moscow.
  • Shevtsov, V. (2022). Personal Communication on South European Russia. 1.
  • Shishkin, B.K. (ed.) (1950). Flora Turkmenii 5: 1-271. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Verloove, F. (2011). Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Pterocarya fraxinifolia en andere opmerkelijke uitheemse rivierbegeleiders in België and Noordwest-Frankrijk. Dumortiera 99: 1-10.
  • Vvedensky, A.I. (ed.) (1959). Flora Uzbekistana 4: 1-507. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Werier, D. (2017). Catalogue of the Vascular plants of New York state. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 1-542.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Allen, D., Bilz, M., Leaman, D.J., Miller, R.M., Timoshyna, A., & Window, J. (2014). European Red List of medicinal plants. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg 10:907382.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Ruhsam, M. [DMR2] United Kingdom K001768106 Yes
s.coll. K003595580 Yes
Rolfe, R.A. K003595574 Yes
Ooster; [Etra [s.n.] Switzerland K003595613 Yes
Mattfeld, J. [2562] Greece K003595014 Yes
Stojanoff, N. [s.n.] Bulgaria K003595015 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [2332] United Kingdom K003595001 Yes
Bonnet [s.n.] K003595621 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595627 Yes
Last, G.V.C. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595609 Yes
Rechinger, K.H. [21509] Greece K003595011 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595603 Yes
Gouan [s.n.] K003595612 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595653 Yes
s.coll. K003595579 Yes
Sealy, J.R. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595599 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595624 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [29248] United Kingdom K003595610 Yes
Mattfeld, J. [2562] Greece K003595013 Yes
s.coll. K003595581 Yes
s.coll. K001666623 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595655 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595602 Yes
Alston, A.H.G.; Sandwith, N.Y. [2365] Albania K003595016 Yes
Haussknecht, C. [s.n..] Greece K003595009 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595649 Yes
Sennen, F. [5275] Spain K003595617 Yes
Mallpeld, J. [2562] Greece K003595007 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595003 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [2332] United Kingdom K003595002 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595629 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595642 Yes
Nicholson, G. [1741] K003595641 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595648 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595606 Yes
Bean, W.J. [s.n.] K003595638 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595656 Yes
Bean, W.J. [s.n.] K003595636 Yes
Baldacci, A. [129] Albania K003595017 Yes
de Heldreich, T. [s.n.] Greece K003595010 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [s.n.] France K003595616 Yes
Nicholson, G. [1743] K003595640 Yes
Bonnet [s.n.] France K003595620 Yes
W.B.T. K003595577 Yes
Sintenis, P.; Dorfler, J. [692] Greece K003595008 Yes
Nicholson, G. [736] K003595652 Yes
s.coll. K003595575 Yes
MJC [s.n.] K003595630 Yes
Chase, M.W.C. [35956] United Kingdom K001069188 Yes
Turrill, W.B. (Dr.); Marsden-Jones, E.M. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595604 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595611 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595654 Yes
Bean, W.J. [s.n.] K003595635 Yes
Ahlberg, F. [s.n.] K003595618 Yes
Fiori, A. [s.n.] Italy K003595615 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595628 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595600 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595605 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595619 Yes
Nicholson, G. [s.n.] K003595639 Yes
Cope, T.A. [RBG 339] United Kingdom K000914265 Yes
Ball, J. [s.n.] Greece K003595012 Yes
Grebenchikoff, O. [s.n.] Greece K003595006 Yes
Turrill, W.B. (Dr.) [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595607 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United States K003595622 Yes
Grebenchikoff, O. [s.n.] Greece K003595005 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595601 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595595 Yes
Heldriech [s.n.] Greece K003595004 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595623 Yes
Porta [s.n.] Italy K003595614 Yes
Vine, R.S. [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595608 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003595632 Yes
W.B.T. K003595578 Yes
s.coll. K003595576 Yes
Brown [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595625 Yes
Brown [s.n.] United Kingdom K003595626 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0