Celastraceae
Parnassia

Parnassia palustris L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 273 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Subarctic & Temp. Northern Hemisphere. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Descriptions

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.

Morphology General Habit
A glabrous perennial herb with 2–4 slender erect scapes to 25(–35) cm
Morphology Leaves
Basal leaves ovate to suborbicular or triangular-ovate, 1.5–3 × 1–2.5 cm, base cordate or truncate, apex rounded, long-petiolate, the blade somewhat decurrent Cauline leaves absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flower terminal, solitary, 2.5–3.0 cm in diameter
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals 4–6 × 1.5–3 mm, apex obtuse
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals broadly ovate to oblong, ± 1.5 × 0.8 cm, white with dark green veins
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
Anthers ellipsoid, ± 3 mm; filaments 3–7 mm; staminodes spatulate, divided into 8–12(–20) linear gland-tipped segments
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule loculicidal, ovoid to subglobose
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds brown, oblong, glossy.
Ecology
Side of mountain spring; alt. ± 2440 m
Phenology
Sep.
Distribution
Very rare in Iraq, having been recorded only once from the alpine zone of NE Iraq. Europe, N Africa, Turkey (SE Anatolia), Russia, W Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Himalaya eastwards to China and Japan; N America.
[FIQ]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/164421/42399385

Conservation
LC - least concern
[IUCN]

Common Names

English
Grass of Parnassus

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora of Iraq

    • Ghazanfar, S. A., Edmondson, J. R. (Eds). (2013-2019). Flora of Iraq, Volumes 5.1, 5.2 and 6.0. Kew Publishing
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images