Musa × paradisiaca L.
Distribution
Native to:
Malaya, Philippines
Introduced into:
Alabama, Andaman Is., Ascension, Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Burkina, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Chad, Chagos Archipelago, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Ecuador, Fiji, Florida, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Jawa, Kenya, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Madagascar, Maldives, Marquesas, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Southeast, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Niue, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Society Is., South China Sea, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tuvalu, Vietnam, West Himalaya
Synonyms
Homotypic Synonyms
- Musa × mensaria Moench in Methodus: 647 (1794), nom. superfl.
- Musa × paradisiaca subsp. normalis Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 692 (1891), not validly publ.
- Musa × sapidisiaca K.C.Jacob in Monogr. Madras Bananas: 11 (1952), nom. superfl.
- Musa × sapientum var. paradisiaca (L.) Baker in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 250 (1894), nom. illeg.
- Musa × sapientum subsp. paradisiaca (L.) Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 213 (1893), nom. illeg.
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Karkandela × malabarica Raf. in Sylva Tellur.: 106 (1838)
- Musa × acutibracteata M.Hotta in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 21: 4 (1964)
- Musa × alphurica Miq. in Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 589 (1859), nom. superfl.
- Musa × aphurica Rumph. ex Sagot in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 34: 329 (1887)
- Musa × arakanensis F.W.Ripley ex Blechynden in J. Agric. Soc. India 5: 53 (1856), nom. nud.
- Musa × bacoba Rottb. in Descr. Rar. Pl. Surin.: 28 (1776)
- Musa balbisiana var. vittata (G.W.Ackermann ex Rodigas) M.R.Almeida in Fl. Maharashtra 5A: 115 (2009)
- Musa × berteroi Colla in Mem. Gen. Musa: 57 (1820)
- Musa × bidigitalis De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 329 (1920)
- Musa × carolinae Sterler in Hort. Nymphenb., ed. 2: 109 (1821), nom. nud.
- Musa × champa Baker in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 6: 262 (1892)
- Musa × chapara Perr. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3: 131 (1825)
- Musa × chiliocarpa Backer ex K.Heyne in Nutt. Pl. Ned.-Ind., ed. 2: 510 (1922)
- Musa × consociata Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 16 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × corbieri A.Chev. in Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 14: 519 (1934)
- Musa × corniculata Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 644 (1790)
- Musa × dacca Horan. in Prodr. Monogr. Scitam.: 41 (1862)
- Musa × decrescens De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 178 (1920)
- Musa × decrescens var. pembuki De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 319 (1920)
- Musa × decrescens var. rubromaculata De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 325 (1920)
- Musa × decrescens var. viridis De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 324 (1920)
- Musa × discolor Planch. in Hort. Donat.: 83 (1858)
- Musa × dulcissima Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 13 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × emasculata De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 306 (1920)
- Musa × emasculata var. kiala De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 309 (1920)
- Musa × emasculata var. kimbende De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 311 (1920)
- Musa × emasculata var. lomba De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 306 (1920)
- Musa × emasculata var. zengani De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 314 (1920)
- Musa × humilis Perr. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3: 131 (1825), nom. illeg.
- Musa × ingrata Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 12 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × jaheri Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 18 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × maculata Jacq. in Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 4: 23 (1804)
- Musa × megalocarpa Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 11 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × mirabilis Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 11 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × nigra Perr. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3: 131 (1825)
- Musa × odorata Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 644 (1790)
- Musa × oleracea Vieill. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 16: 46 (1862), no diagnostic descr.
- Musa × pallida Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 8 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × paradisiaca var. acicularis G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 30 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. bende De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 334 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. bilul De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 340 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. champa (Baker) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. cinerea Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 250 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. coarctata G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 32 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. compressa Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 240 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. coriacea G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 30 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. corniculata G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 29 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. dacca (Horan.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca f. dongila De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 350 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. exsicca G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 29 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. fatua G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 32 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca f. funu-nua De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 345 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. glaberrima Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 245 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. glauca Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 250 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca f. kilola De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 347 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. kitebbe De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 337 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. lacatan Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 243 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. longa Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 245 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. lunaris G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 32 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. magna Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 244 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. martabarica (Baker) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. maxima Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 245 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. mensaria (Baker) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. mensaria G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 30 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. odorata (Lour.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. oleracea (Vieill.) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. papillosa G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 32 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. punctata G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 31 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. purpurascens G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 31 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. regia G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 31 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. rubra (Firminger ex Baker) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 20 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. sanguinea (Welw. ex Baker) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 21 (1900)
- Musa × paradisiaca subsp. sapientum (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 692 (1891)
- Musa × paradisiaca f. seluka De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 342 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. suaveolens Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 244 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. subrubea Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 245 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. ternatensis Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 243 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. tetragona G.Forst. in Pl. Esc.: 30 (1786)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. tombak Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 246 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca f. tuba De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 352 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. ulnaris Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 246 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. violacea Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 245 (1837)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. violacea (Baker) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 21 (1900), nom. illeg.
- Musa × paradisiaca var. viridis De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 324 (1920)
- Musa × paradisiaca var. vittata (G.W.Ackermann ex Rodigas) K.Schum. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 45: 21 (1900)
- Musa × polycarpa Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 13 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × prematura Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 16 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × protractorachis De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 316 (1920)
- Musa × purpureotomentosa De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 326 (1920)
- Musa × sapientum L. in Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1303 (1759)
- Musa × sapientum var. americana N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 398 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. angao Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 58 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. baca Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 51 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. binutig N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 401 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. canara N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 406 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. canaya Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 44 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. champa (Baker) Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 213 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. cinerea (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 397 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. compressa (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 408 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. cubensis N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 397 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. dacca (Horan.) Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 213 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. daryao N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 403 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. dinalaga Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 55 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. dool Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 35 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. dubia (King) A.M.Cowan & Cowan in Trees N. Bengal: 135 (1929)
- Musa × sapientum f. dubia King in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 214 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. eda Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 37 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. fieleto De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 363 (1920)
- Musa × sapientum var. flabellata Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 66 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. galatayan Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 40 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. garangao N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 401 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. glaberrima (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 399 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. glauca (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 402 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. grandis N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 410 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. humilis Merr. in Enum. Philipp. Fl. Pl. 1(2): 224 (1922)
- Musa × sapientum var. inarnibal N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 406 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. kinamay Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 57 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. lacatan (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 405 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. longa (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 407 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. martabarica Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 213 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. mensaria Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 212 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. odorata (Lour.) Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 212 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. oleracea Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 212 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. padilat Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 63 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. pamotion Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 49 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. pelipia Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 42 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. principe Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 50 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. putian Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 36 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. raines Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 55 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. regia (G.Forst.) Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 212 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. rubra Firminger ex Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 213 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. sanguinea Welw. ex Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 212 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. sarocsoc Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 39 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. satama De Briey ex De Wild. in Miss. de Briey Mayumbe: 360 (1920)
- Musa × sapientum var. sision Quisumb. in Philipp. Agric. Rev. 12(3): 35 (1919)
- Musa × sapientum var. suaveolens (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 400 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. ternatensis (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 404 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. tombak (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 407 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. tudlong N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 402 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. tuldoc N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 407 (1915)
- Musa × sapientum var. violacea Baker in Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 7: 212 (1893)
- Musa × sapientum var. violacea (Blanco) N.G.Teodoro in Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 398 (1915), nom. illeg.
- Musa × sapientum var. vittata (G.W.Ackermann ex Rodigas) Hook.f. in Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5402 (1863)
- Musa × trichocarpa Nakai in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 22: 13 (1948), no Latin descr.
- Musa × vittata G.W.Ackermann ex Rodigas in J. Gén. Hort. 15: 25 (1862)
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.
- Albano, P.-O. (2003). La Conaissance des Plantes Exotiques: 1-324. Édisud, Aix-en-Provence.
- Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
- Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
- Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
- Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
- Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
- Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau). Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
- Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Kumar, S. (2012). Herbaceous flora of Jaunsar-Bawar (Uttarkhand), India: enumerations. Phytotaxonomy 12: 33-56.
- Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
- López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Perrier, X. & al. (2019). East African diploid and triploid bananas: a genetic complex transported from South-East Asia. Annals of Botany 123: 19-36.
- Pérez-Farrera, M.Á., Martínez-Camilo, R., Martínez-Meléndez, N., Farrera-Sarmiento, O. & Maza-Villalobos, S. (2012). Listado florístico del Cerro Quetzal (Polígono III) de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, México. Botanical Sciences 90: 113-142.
- Smith, A.C. (1979). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 1: 1-495. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
- St. John, H. (1988). Census of the Flora of the Gambier islands, Polynesia. Pacific Plant Studies 43: 1-34.
- Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.
- Wester, L. (1985). Checklist of the vascular plants of the Northern Line Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 287: 1-38.
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
- Corradine, M. (2014). Diagnóstico del proceso productivo, Municipio de Somondoco. Artesanías de Colombia S.A. Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo. Colombia
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.
- Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
- Barger, T.W. & al. (2012). New and noteworthy records for the flora of Alabama. Castanea 77: 257-269.
- Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
- Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
- Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau). Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
- Christopherson, E. (1935). Flowering Plants of Samoa. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 128: 1-221.
- Fairhurst, W. (2004). Flowering Plants of Ascension island: 1-300. Higham Press, Shirland, Alfreton, England.
- Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
- Fosberg, F.R. (1975). Vascular plants of Aitutaki. Atoll Research Bulletin 190: 73-84.
- Herrera, K., Lorence, D.H., Flynn, T. & Balick, M.J. (2010). Checklist of the Vascular plants of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia with local names and uses. Allertonia 10: 1-204.
- Jones, M. (1991). A checklist of Gambian plants: 1-33. Michael Jones, The Gambia College.
- Kumar, S. (2012). Herbaceous flora of Jaunsar-Bawar (Uttarkhand), India: enumerations. Phytotaxonomy 12: 33-56.
- Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
- Lorence, D.H. & Wagner, W.L. (2019). Flora of the Marquesas Islands 1: 1-411. National Tropical Botanic Garden, Smithsonian, DRPF.
- López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
- MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
- Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
- Parham, B.E.V. (1971). The Vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9: 576-609.
- Perrier, X. & al. (2019). East African diploid and triploid bananas: a genetic complex transported from South-East Asia. Annals of Botany 123: 19-36.
- Pérez-Farrera, M.Á., Martínez-Camilo, R., Martínez-Meléndez, N., Farrera-Sarmiento, O. & Maza-Villalobos, S. (2012). Listado florístico del Cerro Quetzal (Polígono III) de la reserva de la biosfera El Triunfo, Chiapas, México. Botanical Sciences 90: 113-142.
- Sarmah, K.K. & Borthakur, S.K. (2009). A checklist of angiospermic plants of Manas national park in Assam, India. Pleione 3: 190-200.
- Sheppard, C.R.C. & Seaward, M.R.D. (eds.) (1999). Ecology of the Chagos archipelago: 1-350. Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing, Otley.
- St. John, H. (1988). Census of the Flora of the Gambier islands, Polynesia. Pacific Plant Studies 43: 1-34.
- Stutz, L.-C. (1982). Herborisation 1981 aux îles Maldives. Candollea 37: 599-631.
- Thaman, R.R., Fosberg, F.R., Manner, H.I. & Hassall, D.C. (1994). The Flora of Nauru. Atoll Research Bulletin 392: 1-223.
- Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.
- Wester, L. (1985). Checklist of the vascular plants of the Northern Line Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin 287: 1-38.
- Woodroffe, C.D. (1985). Vegetation and flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu. Atoll Research Bulletin 283: 1-18.
Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
- Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
- FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
- GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
- Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
- Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Sources
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Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
- ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Living Collection Database
- Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/