Solanaceae
Solanum

Solanum macrocarpon L.

First published in Mant. Pl. 2: 205 (1771)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical Africa, Comoros, Madagascar. It is a shrub and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Comoros, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

China Southeast, Egypt, Guatemala, Jamaica, Malaya, Mauritius, Réunion, Sri Lanka

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Aubriot, X. & Knapp, S. (2022). A revision of the "spiny solanums" of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 198: 1-270.
  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Bikandu, B., Lukoki, F. & Habari, J.P. (2020). Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Zaire-rwanda-Burundi) Solanaceae: 1-162. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique.
  • PBI Solanum Project (2014-continuously updated). Solanaceae Source: a global taxonomic resource for the nightshade family http://www.solanaceaesource.org/.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (eds.) (2020). Flore du Gabon 55: 1-137. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Bitter in Fedde Rep., Beih. 16: 195 (1923)
  • Burkill in Kew Bull. 1925: 333.
  • F.T.A. 4, 2: 214
  • Mant. Alt. 205 (1771)
  • incl. var. calvum Bitter in Fedde Rep., Beih. 16: 198 (1923), and other varieties

Flora Zambesiaca

  • A. de Candolle, Prodr. 13, 1: 353 (1852).
  • Belmontia 22: 213, t. 5.35, phot. 5.26 (1990).
  • Binns, First Check List Herb. Fl. Malawi: 98 (1968).
  • Bothalia 17: 91–95 cum t. 1–4 & phot. 1–6 (1987)
  • Bothalia 18: 84 (1988).
  • Brenan & Greenway, Check-list For. Trees Shrubs Tang. Terr.: 586 (1949).
  • Bull. Jard. Bot. État 33, Suppl.: 871 (1963).
  • Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1925: 333 (1925).
  • D'Arcy, Solanac. Biol. & Syst.: 475 (1986).
  • D'Arcy, Solanac. Biol. & Syst.: 48, 49 (1986).
  • F.T.A. 4, 2: 214 (1906).
  • F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 2: 334 (1963).
  • Gentes Herb. 12: 263 (1984).
  • Hepper, W. Afr. Herb. Isert & Thonn.: 121 (1976).
  • Jaeger, Syst. Stud. Solanum in Afr.: 425 (1985) incl. subsp. dasyphyllum (Schumach. & Thonn.) Jaeger and subsp. macrocarpon.
  • Kew Bull. 40: 389 (1985).
  • Knüpffer & Ochsmann (eds.), Rudolf Mansfeld and Plant Genetic Resources, Schriften Genet. Ressourcen 22: 137 (2003). Habitat in Peru.
  • Mant. Pl. Alt.: 205 (1771).
  • Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 16: 195 (1923) as “macrocarpum”.
  • T. & H. Durand, Syll. Fl. Congol.: 393 (1909).

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Aubriot, X. & Knapp, S. (2022). A revision of the "spiny solanums" of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 198: 1-270.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • F.T.A. 4, 2: 214 (1906)
  • F.W.T.A. 2nd ed., 2: 334 (1963)
  • F.Z. 8(4): 105 (2005)
  • Fl. Eth. 5: 137 (2006).
  • Mant. Pl. Altera: 205 (1771)
  • T.T.C.L.: 586 (1949)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jun 4, 2009 Ebbe, J. [598], Ethiopia K000441505 Yes
Jun 4, 2009 Meyer, F.G. [8762], Ethiopia K000441503 Yes
Jun 4, 2009 Meyer, F.G. [7790], Ethiopia K000441504 Yes
Apr 24, 2009 Johns, T. [86504], Gabon K000441484 Yes
Apr 24, 2009 Fay, J.M. [5424], Central African Republic K000441483 Yes
Apr 24, 2009 Bequaert, J.C.C. [2371], Congo K000441485 Yes
Apr 24, 2009 Anonymous [s.n.] K000441486 Yes
Feb 12, 1977 Van Epenhuijsen, C.W. [37], Nigeria K000212456 Yes
Jan 1, 1961 Ogu [0 s.n.], Cameroon K000028643 Yes
Dec 1, 1958 Irvine, F.R. [3605], Nigeria K000212454 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [2868], Sierra Leone 16656.000 No
Deighton, F.C. [2866], Sierra Leone 16657.000 No
Tessman, G. [577], Equatorial Guinea K000414035 isotype Yes
s.coll. [s.n.], Madagascar K000212372 No
Hall [47103], Ghana K000212438 Yes
Thomas, N.W. [1162], Sierra Leone K000212451 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [4686], Ghana K000212459 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] K001169254 Yes
Johns, T. [480], Cameroon K001155953 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [676], Uganda K001157744 Yes
Purseglove, J.W. [P1861], Uganda K001157747 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1241], Zambia K001158641 Yes
Westphal, E. [9785], Cameroon K001169246 Yes
Eyles, F. [2151], Zimbabwe K001158639 Yes
Hepper, F.N. [4498], Sri Lanka K001169247 Yes
Purseglove, J.W. [P1893], Uganda K001157745 Yes
Hall [47137], Ghana K000212436 Yes
Hall [47123], Ghana K000212441 Yes
Katende, A.B. [K97], Uganda K001157750 Yes
Buchanan, J. [1054], Malawi K001158638 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [1803], Sierra Leone K000212446 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [1803], Sierra Leone K000212447 Yes
Thornewill, A.S. [95], Nigeria K000212453 Yes
s.coll [31] K001169251 Yes
Whyte, A. [s.n.], Uganda K001157749 Yes
Daumlira, E.K. [D41], Uganda K001157746 Yes
Haerdi, F. [52/92], Tanzania K001157751 Yes
Hall [47128], Ghana K000212443 Yes
Hall [47138], Ghana K000212439 Yes
Hall [47132], Ghana K000212440 Yes
s.coll [33], Egypt K001169248 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] K001169249 Yes
Hall [47103], Ghana K000212437 Yes
Thomas, N.W. [991], Sierra Leone K000212449 Yes
Haniff, M. [s.n.], Singapore K001153262 Yes
Last [s.n.], United Kingdom K001169252 Yes
Wit, P. [164], Nigeria K000212460 Yes
s.coll [D41], Uganda K001157748 Yes
Milsum, J.N. [37420], Malaysia K001153261 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [82], Uganda K001157742 Yes
Gossweiler [8371], Angola K001158642 Yes
Purseglove, J.W. [P1757], Uganda K001157741 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [1803], Sierra Leone K000212445 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1451], Zambia K001158640 Yes
Hooker [2], Madagascar K000212373 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [5494], Ghana K000212457 Yes
Haniff, M. [s.n.], Singapore K001153260 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [5495], Ghana K000212458 Yes
Hall [47124], Ghana K000212442 Yes
Dalziel, J.M. [1189], Nigeria K000212455 Yes
Thomas, N.W. [1635], Sierra Leone K000212450 Yes
Hall [47133], Ghana K000212444 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [676], Uganda K001157743 Yes
Balfour, I.B. [s.n.], Madagascar K000212371 Yes
Hepper, F.N. [8701], United Kingdom K001169250 Yes
Fisher, J.D. [94], Sierra Leone K000212448 Yes
Gumbleton [s.n.] K001169253 Yes
Thomas, N.W. [2063], Sierra Leone K000212452 Yes

Sources

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images