Family:
Apiaceae Lindl.
Genus:
Torilis Adans.

Torilis tenella (Delile) Rchb.f.

This species is accepted, and its native range is E. Medit. to W. & SW. Iran.

[FIQ]

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.

Morphology General Habit
Slender, erect annual, 10–40 cm
Morphology Stem
Stem terete, thinly furnished with downwardly-appressed hairs, finely striate, branched from near the base upwards to simple
Morphology Leaves
Leaves deltoid-oblong in outline, 2–3–pinnate with the segments deeply cut into moderately long (to 5 mm), very narrow, acute ultimate divisions; lower leaves with a petiole to 5 cm long, the upper sessile, all thinly appressed-hairy, the sheaths long, narrowly inflated, broadly membranous margined
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Umbels few to several, leaf-opposed, peduncles longer than the subtending leaves, 2–8(–11) cm; rays 5–10, very unequal, 0.4–2.5(–4) cm, sparsely hairy, ± contracted in fruit Partial umbels 6–12-flowered; pedicels unequal, short, 1.5–4 mm, at least equalled by the 4–8 subulate, herbaceous bracteoles
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Involucre
Involucre absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers white, small
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit linear, 3.5–4 × 0.7 mm, surmounted by the conspicuous, narrowly lanceolate calyx teeth; secondary ridges with a single row of 6–8 slender, greenish or yellowish glochidiate spines 3 × as long as the width of the fruit. Primary ridges with a single row of longitudinally appressed hairs
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Styles very short, divergent.
Ecology
On a silty plain in the lower mountains, on a rocky limestone slope, mainly in fields on the steppe; alt. (50–)250–900(–1300) m
Phenology
Flowering and fruiting: (Mar.–)Apr.–May.
Distribution
Occasional in the lower forest zone and steppe region of Iraq, rare on the alluvial plain in the desert region. SE Europe (Greece), Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Egypt, Turkey (S & E Anatolia), Caucasus, Iran, N Africa (Libya).

Native to:

Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Palestine, Sinai, Transcaucasus, Turkey

Torilis tenella (Delile) Rchb.f. appears in other Kew resources:

First published in H.G.L.Reichenbach, Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 21: 84 (1866)

Accepted by

  • Boulos, L. (2000). Flora of Egypt 2: 1-352. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Danin, A. & Fragman- Sapir, O. (2019). Flora of Israel Online http://flora.org.il/en/plants/.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 2: 1-429. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmondson, J.R. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Iraq 5(2): 1-349. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Hand, R. (ed.) (2015). Supplementary notes to the flora of Cyprus VIII. Willdenowia 45: 245-259.
  • Hedge, I.C., Lamond, J.M. & Rechinger, K.H. (1987). Flora Iranica 162: 1-555. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.

Literature

Flora of Iraq

  • Boulos, Fl. Egypt 2: 186 (2000).
  • Cullen in Fl. Turk. 4: 522 (1972);
  • Grossh., Fl. Kavk. ed. 2, 7: 43 (1967);
  • H. Riedl in Fl. Lowland Iraq: 455 (1964);
  • Meikle, Fl. Cyprus 1: 703 (1977);
  • Mouterde, Nouv. Fl. Lib. et Syr. 2: 593 (1970);
  • Peev in Fl. Iranica 162: 128 (1987);
  • Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 21: 84 (1867);
  • Schischkin in Fl. SSSR 16: 161 (1950);
  • V. Tackh., Stud. Fl. Egypt ed. 2: 397 (1974);

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Boulos, L. (2000). Flora of Egypt 2: 1-352. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Danin, A. & Fragman- Sapir, O. (2019). Flora of Israel Online http://flora.org.il/en/plants/.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2011). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 2: 1-429. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.

  • Flora of Iraq

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images