Avicennia germinans (L.) L.
Distribution
Native to:
Alabama, Angola, Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Cabinda, Cameroon, Cayman Is., Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Liberia, Louisiana, Mauritania, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Texas, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is., Zaïre
Synonyms
Homotypic Synonyms
- Bontia germinans L. in Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 2: 1122 (1759)
- Hilairanthus germinans (L.) Cornejo in Harvard Pap. Bot. 25: 233 (2020)
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Avicennia africana P.Beauv. in Fl. Oware 1: 80 (1806)
- Avicennia elliptica Thunb. in Pl. Bras. 3: 37 (1821)
- Avicennia elliptica var. martii Moldenke in Phytologia 30: 15 (1975)
- Avicennia floridana Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 64 (1918), nom. illeg.
- Avicennia floridana Raf. in Atlantic J. 1: 148 (1832)
- Avicennia germinans f. aberrans Moldenke in Phytologia 47: 222 (1980)
- Avicennia germinans f. brasiliensis Moldenke in Phytologia 47: 222 (1980)
- Avicennia germinans var. cumanensis (Kunth) Moldenke in Phytologia 30: 15 (1975)
- Avicennia germinans var. guayaquilensis (Kunth) Moldenke in Phytologia 29: 75 (1974)
- Avicennia germinans f. venezuelensis Moldenke in Phytologia 47: 222 (1980)
- Avicennia lamarckiana C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 529 (1845)
- Avicennia meyeri Miq. in Linnaea 18: 262 (1845)
- Avicennia nitida Sessé & Moc. in Fl. Mexic. 2: 142 (1894), nom. illeg.
- Avicennia nitida Jacq. in Enum. Syst. Pl.: 25 (1760)
- Avicennia nitida var. trinitensis Moldenke in Phytologia 1: 96 (1934)
- Avicennia oblongifolia Nutt. ex Chapm. in Fl. South. U.S.: 310 (1860)
- Avicennia officinalis var. lanceolata Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 502 (1891)
- Avicennia officinalis var. nitida Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 502 (1891)
- Avicennia tomentosa Jacq. in Enum. Syst. Pl.: 25 (1760)
- Avicennia tomentosa var. campechensis Jacq. in Enum. Syst. Pl.: 25 (1760)
- Avicennia tomentosa var. cumanensis Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 229 (1818)
- Avicennia tomentosa var. guayaquilensis Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 230 (1818)
- Hilairanthus nitidus (Jacq.) Tiegh. in J. Bot. (Morot) 12: 358 (1898)
- Hilairanthus tomentosus (Jacq.) Tiegh. in J. Bot. (Morot) 12: 358 (1898)
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
- Berry, P.E., Yatskievych, K. & Holst, B.K. (eds.) in Steyermark, J., Berry, P.E., Holts, B.K. (eds). (2005). Rutaceae-Zygophyllaceae. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 9: 1-608. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
- Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
- Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau). Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
- Fernandes, R.B. (2006). Contribução para o conhecimento das Avicenniaceae e Verbenaceae da Flora de Angola. Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17(2): 5-68.
- Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
- Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
- Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
- Lebrun, J.-P. (1998). Catalogue des plantes de la Mauritanie et du Sahara Occidental. Boissiera 55: 1-322.
- Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo). Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
- Linares, J.L. (2003 publ. 2005). Lista comentado de los árboles nativos y cultivados en la República de El Salvador. Ceiba; a Scientific and Technical Journal Published by Zamorano 44: 105-268.
- Rodrigues Furtado, M.N., de Souza Secco, R. & Sousa Rocha, A.E. (2012). Sinopse das espécies de Lamiales Bromhead ocorrentes nas restingas do estado do Pará, Brasil. Hoehnea 39: 529-547.
- Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
- van Proosdij, A.S.J. (2012). Arnoldo's Zakflora, ed. 4: 1-318. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
- Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
- Gonzalez, F., Nelson Diaz, J. & Lowry, P. (1995). Flora Illustrada de San Andrés y Providencia: 1-281. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Colombia.
- Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
- Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
- Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
- Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
- FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
- GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
- GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
- IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (2019). Lista de especies vedadas por la resolución 213 de 1977. 8256 especies. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=le_plantaspriorizadas_2019
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
- Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
- PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
- RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
- RBG, Kew (ed.) (1999). Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
- Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2008 | Makany [565], Congo | K000479906 | No | ||
Jan 1, 1968 | Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. [6924], Cameroon | K000029876 | No | ||
Medeiros, L. [s.n.], Brazil | K001046363 | Yes | |||
Silva, B.R. [1073], Brazil | K001046362 | Yes | |||
Aug 25, 1963 | Pabst, G. [7385], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046323 | Yes | |
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 1742] | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114036 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1742] | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114038 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1742], India | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114040 | Yes | ||
Duarte, A.P. [5017], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046327 | Yes | ||
Pabst, G. [5421], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046329 | Yes | ||
Duarte, A.P. [5017], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046324 | Yes | ||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 1742], Myanmar | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114042 | Yes | ||
Pereira, E. [431], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046322 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1742] | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114041 | Yes | ||
Pabst, G. [5421], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046325 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1742], India | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114037 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 1742] | Avicennia tomentosa | K001114039 | Yes | ||
Duarte, A.P. [5017], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046328 | Yes | ||
Pabst, L.F. [s.n.], Brazil | Avicennia tomentosa | K001046326 | Yes | ||
Jan 1, 1976 | Letouzey, R. [14809], Cameroon | Avicennia africana | K000029874 | No | |
Gossweiler, J. [s.n.], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009781 | Yes | ||
Ward, C.J. [86], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009783 | Yes | ||
Thompson, S.A. [1333], Cameroon | Avicennia africana | K000029875 | No | ||
Welwitsch [5726], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009780 | Yes | ||
Ward, C.J. [72], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009782 | Yes | ||
Welwitsch [5709], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009778 | Yes | ||
Welwitsch [5641], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009779 | Yes | ||
Ward, C.J. [89], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009784 | Yes | ||
Gossweiler, J. [s.n.], Angola | Avicennia africana | K001009777 | Yes | ||
Oct 1, 1936 | Broadway, W.E. [5817], Trinidad & Tobago | Avicennia nitida | K000573634 | Yes | |
Trinidad & Tobago | Avicennia nitida | K000573636 | Yes | ||
Sellow [s.n.], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046359 | Yes | ||
Glaziou [11324], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046361 | Yes | ||
Drouet, F. [2442], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046357 | Yes | ||
Salzmann [s.n.], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046358 | Yes | ||
Glaziou [9988], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046356 | Yes | ||
Trinidad & Tobago | Avicennia nitida | K000573635 | Unknown type material | Yes | |
Gardner [1101], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046353 | Yes | ||
Froes, R. [1818], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046354 | Yes | ||
Salzmann [s.n.], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046360 | Yes | ||
Araújo, D.S.D. [825], Brazil | Avicennia nitida | K001046352 | Yes | ||
Gardner, G. [s.n.] | Avicennia nitida | K001046355 | Yes |
Sources
-
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
- Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
-
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
- ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Flora of West Tropical Africa
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
- Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Living Collection Database
- Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images
-
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0