Violaceae
Viola

Viola kitaibeliana Schult.

First published in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 5: 383 (1819)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Canary Islands, Europe to N. Iran and S. Turkmenistan. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Corse, Cyprus, Czechia-Slovakia, East Aegean Is., France, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Morocco, North Caucasus, NW. Balkan Pen., Palestine, Portugal, Romania, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Turkmenistan, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine

Introduced into:

Colorado, Germany

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1965). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 1: 1-567. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Mateos, M.A. & Valdés, B. (2009). Catálogo de la flora vascular del Rif occidental calizo (N de Marruecos). I Selaginellaceae - Rosaceae. Lagascalia 29: 105-257.
  • Schmidt, A. (1992). Flora Iranica 169: 1-29. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Scoppola, A. & Lattanzi, E. (2012). Viola section Melanium (Violaceae) in Italy. New data on morphology of Viola tricolor-group. Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 47-64.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
  • Vladimirov, V., Dane, F. & Kit Tan (2012). New floristic records in the Balkans: 19. Phytologia Balcanica 18: 205-230.
  • Yousefi, N., Saeidi Mehrvarz, S. & Marcussen, T. (2012). Taxonomy of Viola sect. Melanium (Violaceae) in Iran. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi 19: 35-43.
  • von Raab-Straube, E. & Raus, T. (eds.) (2015). Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 5. Willdenowia 45: 449-464.

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151. [Cited as Viola bicolor.]

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1965). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 1: 1-567. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Mateos, M.A. & Valdés, B. (2009). Catálogo de la flora vascular del Rif occidental calizo (N de Marruecos). I Selaginellaceae - Rosaceae. Lagascalia 29: 105-257.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) in Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2012). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 3(2): 1-623. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E. (eds.) (1980). Flora of Iraq 4(1): 1-628. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
  • Yousefi, N., Saeidi Mehrvarz, S. & Marcussen, T. (2012). Taxonomy of Viola sect. Melanium (Violaceae) in Iran. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi 19: 35-43.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Louis-Arsène, Bro. [s.n.] Jersey K000387953 No
Lester -Garland, L.V. [s.n.] Jersey K000387939 No
Barton, W.C. [649] Jersey K000387954 No
Saunders, M. [s.n.] Jersey K000387945 No
Lousley, J.E. [206] Guernsey K000387943 No
Louis- Arsène, Bro. [s.n.] Jersey K000387932 No
Lester- Garland, L.V. [s.n.] Jersey K000387938 No
Foucaud, H.J. [s.n.] France K000327576 Unknown Type Material Yes
Druce, G, C. [s.n.] Jersey K000387951 No
Lester, L.V. [182] Jersey K000387956 No
Warry, W.G. [H442/40] Guernsey K000387957 No
Williams, L.H. [s.n.] Jersey K000387952 No
Foucaud, H.J. [s.n.] France K000651322 Unknown Type Material Yes
Druce, G.C. [181b] Jersey K000387946 No
Dawber, M. [s.n.] Jersey K000387950 No
Barton, W.C. [648] Jersey K000387955 No
Lange, J. [s.n.] Spain K000327575 Unknown Type Material Yes
Dawber, M. [s.n.] Guernsey K000387949 No
Barton, W.C. [648] Jersey K000387958 No
Lester- Garland, L.V. [s.n.] Jersey K000387937 No
White, J.W. [s.n.] Jersey K000387947 No
Lousley, J.E. [206] Jersey K000387942 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images