- Family:
- Poaceae Barnhart
- Genus:
- Echinochloa P.Beauv.
Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) A.Heller
[GB]
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual; caespitose. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 100-200 cm long. Culm-nodes glabrous, or pubescent. Leaf-sheaths hirsute, or hispid; with tubercle-based hairs. Ligule absent. Leaf-blades 8-30 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 10-25; borne along a central axis; unilateral; 2-17 cm long; with branchlets at base of longer racemes. Central inflorescence axis 10-40 cm long. Rhachis subterete; with scattered hairs, or glabrous on surface. Spikelet packing crowded; 4 -rowed. Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets pedicelled; subequal. Pedicels unequal.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; dorsally compressed; gibbous; cuspidate; 3-5 mm long; falling entire.
- Fertile
- Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; dorsally compressed; gibbous; cuspidate; 3-5 mm long; falling entire.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; clasping; 0.33-0.75 length of spikelet; without keels. Lower glume surface scabrous. Lower glume apex cuspidate. Upper glume ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 5 -veined. Upper glume surface spinose; glabrous, or hispid. Upper glume apex cuspidate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
- Basal sterile florets barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5 -veined; scabrous; hispidulous; cuspidate; awned. Awn of lower sterile floret 15-60 mm long. Fertile lemma oblong; gibbous; 3-4 mm long; indurate; much thinner above; shiny; without keel. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acute; laterally pinched. Palea reflexed at apex; indurate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Anthers 3.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Caryopsis with adherent pericarp.
- Distribution
- North America: eastern Canada, north-central USA, northeast USA, south-central USA, southeast USA, and Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Caribbean, western South America, and Brazil.
- Reference
- Paniceae. Gr Texas 1994.
Native to:
Alabama, Arkansas, Cayman Is., Connecticut, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Florida, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Québec, Rhode I., South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin
Introduced into:
Bolivia, Brazil Southeast, Hawaii
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. hispida (Elliott) Farw.
- Echinochloa crus-galli subvar. laevigata (Wiegand) Farw.
- Echinochloa longearistata Nash
- Echinochloa walteri f. breviseta Fernald & Griscom
- Echinochloa walteri var. laevigata (Wiegand) S.R.Hill
- Echinochloa walteri f. laevigata Wiegand
- Oplismenus hispidus (Elliott) Alph.Wood
- Oplismenus longisetus Kunth
- Orthopogon hispidus (Elliott) Spreng.
- Panicum crus-galli var. hispidum Elliott
- Panicum crus-galli var. walteri (Pursh) Farw.
- Panicum hirtellum Walter
- Panicum hispidum (Elliott) Muhl.
- Panicum longisetum Torr.
- Panicum walteri Pursh
Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) A.Heller appears in other Kew resources:
| Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gardner [0], Pernambuco | K000003883 | Yes | |||
| Tweedie [s.n.], Brazil | K001102330 | Yes | |||
| Schomburgk [154], Guyana | K001102334 | Yes | |||
| Clayton, W.D. [4083], Brazil | K001102333 | Yes | |||
| Clayton, W.D. [4598], Brazil | K001102331 | Yes | |||
| Araujo, D. [3449], Brazil | K001102332 | Yes |
First published in Cat. N. Amer. Pl., ed. 2: 21 (1900)
Accepted by
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Literature
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0