- Family:
- Poaceae Barnhart
- Genus:
- Urochloa P.Beauv.
Urochloa brizantha (A.Rich.) R.D.Webster

[UNAL]
Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/
- Vernacular
- bacaria lisa, braquiara amargo, braquiaria, pasto alambre
[CPLC]
Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
- Distribution
- Naturalizada y adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 2500 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Llanura del Caribe, Orinoquia, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.
- Morphology General Habit
- Hierba
- Conservation
- No Evaluada
[UPFC]
- Distribution
- Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Caribbean, Orinoquia. Elevation range: 0–2500 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Arauca, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Córdoba, Huila, Meta, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.
- Habit
- Herb.
- Ecology
- Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, artificial - terrestrial.
[FZ]
Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora Zambesiaca 10:3. 1989
- Morphology General Habit
- Tufted perennial.
- Morphology Culms
- Culms 30–200 cm. high, erect or sometimes geniculately ascending.
- Morphology Leaves Leaf lamina
- Leaf laminae 3–20 mm. wide, flat.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence of (1)2–16 racemes, these mostly 4–20 cm. long, bearing spikelets singly and usually in 1 row; rhachis crescentic in section, c. 1 mm. wide with narrow involute wings, ciliate on the margins.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets 4–6 mm. long, glabrous or sometimes sparsely pubescent, obtuse to subacute with a slight stipe at base.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Inferior glume 1/3 length of spikelet, acute or obtuse, separated from the superior by a short internode; superior glume cartilaginous, dully shining.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma
- Inferior lemma cartilaginous, dully shining. Superior lemma granulose, subacute.
[FTEA]
Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974
- Morphology General Habit
- Tufted perennial; culms 30–200 cm. high, erect or sometimes geniculately ascending.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaf-blades linear to broadly linear, 10–100 cm. long, 3–20 mm. wide.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence of (1–)2–16 racemes on an axis 3–20 cm. long; racemes mostly 4–20 cm. long, bearing the spikelets singly, these typically forming a single row; rhachis crescentic in section, ± 1 mm. wide, with narrow inrolled wings, ciliate on the margins.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets plumply elliptic, 4–6 mm. long, glabrous or sometimes sparsely pubescent, obtuse to subacute with a slight stipe at the base; lower glume 1/3, the length of the spikelet, clasping, acute or obtuse; upper glume cartilaginous, dully shining, separated from the lower by an internode; lower resembling the upper glume; upper lemma granulose, acute.
- Habitat
- Deciduous woodland, wooded grassland and upland grassland; 300–2400 m.
- Distribution
- K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 tropical and South Africaintroduced elsewhere in the tropics
[FWTA]
Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:2. 1972
- Morphology General Habit
- Robust perennial up to about 2 m. high.
[GB]
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial; caespitose. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 30-200 cm long. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades linear, or lanceolate; 10-100 cm long; 3-20 mm wide.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes (1-)2-16; borne along a central axis; unilateral; 4-20 cm long. Central inflorescence axis 3-20 cm long. Rhachis narrowly winged; semiterete; 1 mm wide; ciliate on margins. Spikelet packing adaxial; regular; 1 -rowed. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic; dorsally compressed; compressed slightly; subacute, or acute; 4-6 mm long; falling entire. Spikelet callus square. Rhachilla internodes elongated between glumes.
- Fertile
- Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic; dorsally compressed; compressed slightly; subacute, or acute; 4-6 mm long; falling entire. Spikelet callus square. Rhachilla internodes elongated between glumes.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; clasping; 0.33 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 7-11 -veined. Lower glume apex obtuse, or acute. Upper glume oblong; 1 length of spikelet; cartilaginous; without keels; 7-9 -veined. Upper glume surface glabrous, or pubescent. Upper glume apex obtuse, or acute.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
- Basal sterile florets male; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; oblong; 1 length of spikelet; cartilaginous; 5 -veined; glabrous, or pubescent; obtuse, or acute. Fertile lemma elliptic; 3.5-5.5 mm long; indurate; without keel. Lemma surface granulose. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acute. Palea involute; indurate; without keels.
- Distribution
- Africa: west tropical, west-central tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, south, and western Indian ocean. Asia-temperate: Arabia. Asia-tropical: India, Malesia, and Papuasia. Australasia: Australia. Pacific: southwestern, south-central, and north-central. North America: Mexico. South America: northern South America, western South America, and Brazil.
- Reference
- Paniceae. FTEA.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Tufted perennial up to 200 cm high, erect or sometimes geniculately ascending
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves linear to broadly linear
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence of (1–)2–16 racemes on an axis 3–20 cm long; racemes 4–20 cm long, bearing the spikelets singly in a single row on a rhachis crescentic in section and c. 1 mm wide
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets plumply elliptic, 4–6 mm long, glabrous or sometimes sparsely pubescent, obtuse to subacute, with a slight stipe at the base; lower glume c. 1/3 the length of the spikelet, clasping, acute or obtuse; upper glume separated from the lower by a very short internode; upper lemma granulose, acute.
- Distribution
- ?N1 tropical and southern Africa, introduced elsewhere in the tropics.
- Note
- Reported from northern Somalia in Cuf. Enum.: 1312 (1969), but no collection has been seen and the record needs confirmation.
[UPFC]
- Use Animal Food
- Used as animal food.
- Use Environmental
- Environmental uses.
- Use Food
- Used for food.
- Use Invertebrate Food
- Used as invertebrate food.
- Use Medicines
- Medical uses.
Native to:
Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Central African Repu, Chad, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Argentina Northeast, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cocos (Keeling) Is., Colombia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Fiji, Florida, Galápagos, Hawaii, Honduras, India, Jawa, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Myanmar, New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Society Is., Texas, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia
Urochloa brizantha (A.Rich.) R.D.Webster appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
May 1, 1998 | Nascimento, M.S.B. [1398], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078377 | Yes | |
Oct 1, 1926 | Vanderyst, H. [500050005000], Zaïre | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282146 | Yes | |
Mori, S.A. [10560], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003859 | No | ||
Santos, T.S. [3427], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003856 | Yes | ||
Santos, T.S. [3865], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003860 | No | ||
Grupo Pedra do Cavalo [709], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003857 | No | ||
Calderon, C.E. [2225], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003858 | No | ||
Calderon, C.E. [2225], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003855 | No | ||
Noblick, L.R. [2626], Bahia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000003854 | No | ||
Graham [3937], Zimbabwe | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282058 | Yes | ||
Eyles, F. [1921], Zimbabwe | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282057 | isosyntype | Yes | |
Eyles, F. [1921], Zimbabwe | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282056 | Yes | ||
Vanderyst, H. [3674], Zaire | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282147 | Yes | ||
Speke, Uganda | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282129 | holotype | Yes | |
Schimper [89], Ethiopia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282128 | isosyntype | Yes | |
Schimper [89], Ethiopia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282126 | isosyntype | Yes | |
Schimper [89], Ethiopia | Brachiaria brizantha | K000282127 | isosyntype | Yes | |
Brunt, M.A. [939], Cameroon | Brachiaria brizantha | K000182466 | No | ||
Heringer, E.P. [1756], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078376 | Yes | ||
Ornellas, S.O.A. [s.n.], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078378 | Yes | ||
Lowe, J. [4206], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078380 | Yes | ||
Dombrowski, L.T.D. [7389], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078379 | Yes | ||
Silva, N.T. da [s.n.], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078384 | Yes | ||
Brunt, M.A. [1010], Cameroon | Brachiaria brizantha | K000182464 | No | ||
s.coll. [2006], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078385 | Yes | ||
Simões, R.S. [s.n.], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078381 | Yes | ||
Hatschbach, G.G. [48984], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078382 | Yes | ||
Heringer, E.P. [2077], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078375 | Yes | ||
Silva, N.T. da [s.n.], Brazil | Brachiaria brizantha | K001078383 | Yes |
First published in Austral. Paniceae: 233 (1987)
Not accepted by
- Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [Cited as Brachiaria brizantha.]
Literature
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
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Kew Backbone Distributions
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Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
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Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
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Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
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GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia
ColPlantA database
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Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
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