Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18963261/44492598

Conservation

LC - least concern

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular

cola de zorro, deshollinador, gusanillo, gusanito, limpiafrascos, munchira roja, pajilla blanca, rabo de gato, rabo de zorra, tusillo

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Guiana Shield, Caribbean, Orinoquia, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–3000 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlántico, Bogotá DC, Bolívar, Boyacá, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupés, Vichada.

Habit

Herb.

Conservation

IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC. National Red List of Colombia (2021): Potential LC.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.

Morphology General Habit

Perennial. Rhizomes absent, or short; knotty. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 30-110 cm long. Culm-internodes thin-walled. Culm-nodes glabrous. Leaf-sheaths without keel; glabrous on surface; outer margin glabrous. Leaf-sheath oral hairs ciliate. Ligule a fringe of hairs; 0.4-1.2 mm long. Leaf-blades 10-30 cm long; 2-7 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface scabrous; rough adaxially. Leaf-blade margins scaberulous. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; linear; 2-6 cm long; 0.8-1.4 cm wide. Primary panicle branches sterile at the tips. Panicle axis scabrous. Spikelets subtended by an involucre. Fertile spikelets pedicelled; 1 in the cluster. Involucre composed of bristles. Involucral bristles persistent; 6-11 per spikelet; 1.5-8 mm long; antrorsely scaberulous; glabrous. Pedicels reduced to a stump; tip cupuliform.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate, or elliptic; dorsally compressed; acute; 2.2-2.8 mm long; falling entire.

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate, or elliptic; dorsally compressed; acute; 2.2-2.8 mm long; falling entire.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes shorter than spikelet; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 1.1-1.4 mm long; 0.5 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 3-5 -veined. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume ovate; 1.3-1.8 mm long; 0.5 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 5 -veined. Upper glume apex acute.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Basal sterile florets barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5 -veined; acute. Fertile lemma lanceolate, or elliptic; dorsally compressed; 2-2.6 mm long; indurate; dark brown; without keel. Lemma surface rugose. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acute. Palea involute; indurate. Palea surface rugose.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Anthers 3; 1.2-1.6 mm long; yellow, or brown.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; ellipsoid; 1.7 mm long.

Distribution

Europe: southwestern. Africa: Macaronesia, northeast tropical, south, and western Indian ocean. Asia-temperate: China and eastern Asia. Asia-tropical: India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Papuasia. Australasia: Australia and New Zealand. Pacific: southwestern, south-central, northwestern, and north-central. North America: north-central USA, northeast USA, southwest USA, south-central USA, southeast USA, and Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Caribbean, northern South America, western South America, Brazil, and southern South America.

Reference

Paniceae. Fl Ceyl 1993.

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology

Alt. 0 - 3000 m.

Morphology General Habit

Herb.

Distribution

Native from Colombia.

Conservation

Not Evaluated.

Morphology General Habit

Annual, or perennial; caespitose. Culms geniculately ascending; 30-200 cm long. Lateral branches ample. Ligule a ciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 10-40 cm long; 3-16 mm wide.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; linear; straight, or curved; 3-25 cm long; (0.6-)0.8-1(-1.5) cm wide (excluding bristles). Primary panicle branches accrescent to a central axis; with sessile scars on axis. Panicle axis with briefly decurrent ribs; glabrous; bearing deciduous spikelet clusters. Spikelets subtended by an involucre. Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Involucre composed of bristles; oblong; 4-12 mm long; base obtuse. Involucral bristles deciduous with the fertile spikelets; numerous; with an outer whorl of thinner bristles; with one conspicuously longer bristle; 6-25 mm long; terete; flexible; antrorsely scaberulous; glabrous, or ciliate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 2-5 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures; readily shedding fertile florets.

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 2-5 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures; readily shedding fertile florets.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes one the lower absent or obscure, or two; dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume lanceolate; 0-1 mm long; 0-0.2 length of spikelet; hyaline; without keels; 0 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume apex obtuse, or acute. Upper glume oblong; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 5 -veined. Upper glume apex acute; muticous, or mucronate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Basal sterile florets male, or barren; with palea, or without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; oblong; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5 -veined; dentate; 3 -fid. Fertile lemma oblong; 2-3 mm long; coriaceous; shiny; without keel; 5 -veined. Lemma margins flat. Lemma apex obtuse. Palea coriaceous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Lodicules absent. Anthers 3; anther tip smooth.

Distribution

Africa: Macaronesia, west tropical, west-central tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, and western Indian ocean. Asia-temperate: Arabia, China, and eastern Asia. Asia-tropical: India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Papuasia. Australasia: Australia. Pacific: southwestern, northwestern, and north-central. North America: southeast USA and Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Caribbean, northern South America, western South America, and Brazil.

Reference

Paniceae. FTEA.

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13490739/117198934

Conservation

LC - least concern

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Naturalizada en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 2000 m.; Andes, Orinoquia, Pacífico, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Cauca.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

Use Medicines

Medicinal (State of the World's Plants 2016).