Verbena officinalis subsp. africana R.Fern. & Verdc.

POWO follows these authorities in synonymising this name:

• Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps. [Cited as Verbena officinalis var. africana.]
• O'Leary, N., Múlgura, M.E. & Morrone, O. (2010). Revisión taxonómica de las especies del género Verbena (Verbenaceae). II: serie Verbena. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 97: 365-424. [Cited as Verbena officinalis var. natalensis.]

This name was accepted following an alternative taxonomy by these authorities:

• Fernandes, R. & Diniz, M.A. (2005). Avicenniaceae, Nesogenaceae, Verbenaceae and Lamiaceae (subfams, Viticoideae and Ajugoideae). Flora Zambesiaca 8(7): 1-161. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [Cited as Verbena officinalis subsp. africana.]
• Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [Cited as Verbena officinalis subsp. africana.]
• Thulin, M. (ed.) (2006). Flora of Somalia 3: 1-626. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [Cited as Verbena officinalis subsp. africana.]

Flora Zambesiaca

• Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 62 : 305, fig. 1 (1990).
• F.T.E.A., Verbenaceae: 8, fig. 1 (1992).

Flora of Somalia

• Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]