Distribution
Native to:
Albania, Algeria, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Rus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East European Russia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Føroyar, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lebanon-Syria, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Introduced into:
Connecticut, Japan, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Québec, Rhode I., Vermont, Wisconsin
Synonyms
Homotypic Synonyms
- Aira caerulea L. in Sp. Pl.: 63 (1753)
- Cynodon caeruleus (L.) Raspail in Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 5: 302 (1825)
- Enodium caeruleum (L.) Gaudin in Agrost. Helv. 1: 145 (1811)
- Enodium sylvaticum Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 80 (1821), nom. superfl.
- Festuca caerulea (L.) DC. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 3: 46 (1805)
- Hydrochloa caerulea (L.) Hartm. in Gen. Gram.: 8 (1819)
- Melica caerulea (L.) L. in Mant. Pl. 2: 325 (1771)
- Melica caerulea var. minor Schrad. in Fl. Germ.: 270 (1806), not validly publ.
- Molinia caerulea var. sylvatica Dur.-Duq. in Coup-d'oil Vég. Arrond. Lisieux Pont-Lévêque: 112 (1846), nom. illeg.
- Molinia sylvatica Link in Hort. Berol. 1: 197 (1827), nom. superfl.
- Poa caerulea (L.) Bernh. in Syst. Verz. Erf.: 43 (1800)
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Aira atrovirens Thuill. in Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 37 (1799)
- Aira caerulea variegata Abbey in J. Hort. Cottage Gard. 32: 82 (1864)
- Amblytes caerulea Dulac in Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 80 (1867)
- Arundo agrostis Lapeyr. ex Willk. & Lange in Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 1: 88 (1861), pro syn.
- Enodium caeruleum var. alpinum Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 731 (1821 publ. 1822)
- Enodium caeruleum var. angustifolium Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum subsp. atrovirens (Thuill.) Dumort. in Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 108 (1824)
- Enodium caeruleum var. atrovirens (Thuill.) Pauquy in Statist. Bot. Somme: 472 (1831)
- Enodium caeruleum var. brevifolium Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. congestum Pauquy in Statist. Bot. Somme: 472 (1831)
- Enodium caeruleum var. contractum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. depauperatum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. divaricatum Dumort. in Fl. Belg.: 157 (1827), nom. nud.
- Enodium caeruleum var. interruptum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. latifolium Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. laxum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. longifolium Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. multiflorum Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 110, 730 (1821 publ. 1822)
- Enodium caeruleum var. pallescens Lange in Bot. Tidsskr. 10: 186 (1879)
- Enodium caeruleum var. parviflorum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. pauciflorum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. secundum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium caeruleum var. sylvaticum Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 110, 730 (1821 publ. 1822)
- Enodium caeruleum var. uniflorum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 53 (1836)
- Enodium litorale Rchb. ex Kunth in Enum. Pl. 1: 380 (1833), pro syn.
- Melica alpina G.Don ex D.Don in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot.: t. 2641 (1831), pro syn.
- Melica arundinacea Raeusch. in Nomencl. Bot. Pl. Illustr., ed. 3: 24 (1797), nom. nud.
- Melica atrovirens (Thuill.) Le Turq. in Fl. Rouen, Suppl.: 14 (1825)
- Melica caerulea var. atrovirens (Thuill.) Lej. in Fl. Spa 1: 47 (1811)
- Melica caerulea var. major Roth in Tent. Fl. Germ. 2(1): 103 (1789)
- Melica caerulea var. minor St.-Amans in Fl. Agen.: 33 (1821)
- Melica caerulea var. viridiflora Lej. in Rev. Fl. Spa: 16 (1825)
- Melica divaricata Meigen & Weniger in Syst. Verz. Ufern Rheins Pfl.: 16 (1819)
- Melica sylvatica Link ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot. 1: 520 (1821), nom. nud.
- Melica variabilis Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 936 (1866), pro syn.
- Molinia bertinii Carrière in Rev. Hort. (Paris) 62: 348 (1890)
- Molinia caerulea var. africana Maire in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 94 (1942)
- Molinia caerulea var. albiflora Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 214 (1900)
- Molinia caerulea var. atrovirens (Thuill.) Chevall. in Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 183 (1827)
- Molinia caerulea var. breviramea Parn. in Grass. Britain: 230 (1845)
- Molinia caerulea var. breviramosa Parn. in Grass. Britain: 230 (1845)
- Molinia caerulea var. compacta Duterte in Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, sér. 3, 8: 152 (1884)
- Molinia caerulea var. depauperata (Tinant) Bab. in Man. Brit. Bot.: 366 (1843)
- Molinia caerulea proles depauperata (Tinant) Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France 14: 199 (1913)
- Molinia caerulea var. divaricata Boenn. in Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 28 (1824)
- Molinia caerulea var. expansa Blytt in Norges Fl. 1: 140 (1861)
- Molinia caerulea f. flavescens Neuman in Sver. Fl.: 751 (1901), nom. illeg.
- Molinia caerulea var. flavescens Boenn. in Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 28 (1824)
- Molinia caerulea var. flavescens Gaudin in Fl. Helv. 1: 216 (1828), nom. illeg.
- Molinia caerulea var. foliosa Gaudin in Fl. Helv. 7: 651 (1833)
- Molinia caerulea f. gigantea Koczw. in Kosmos (Lvov) 49: 924 (1924)
- Molinia caerulea subsp. hispanica L.Frey in Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 21: 464 (1975)
- Molinia caerulea var. humilis Peterm. in Bot. Excurs. Leipzig: 553 (1846)
- Molinia caerulea var. latifolia Blytt in Norges Fl. 1: 140 (1861)
- Molinia caerulea var. lightfootii Harz in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 45: 236 (1891)
- Molinia caerulea var. major (Roth) Mert. & W.D.J.Koch in J.C.Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 584 (1823)
- Molinia caerulea var. minima Rabenh. in Bot. Centralbl. Deutschl. 1: 243 (1846)
- Molinia caerulea var. minima Burkhardt in Bot. Centralbl. Deutschl. 1846: 243 (1846), nom. nud.
- Molinia caerulea var. minor Gaudin in Fl. Helv. 1: 216 (1828), nom. illeg.
- Molinia caerulea var. minor Holandre in Fl. Moselle: 37 (1827)
- Molinia caerulea subsp. minor Schübl. & G.Martens in Fl. Würtemberg: 68 (1834), nom. illeg.
- Molinia caerulea var. mollis Harz in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 45: 237 (1891)
- Molinia caerulea var. multiflora Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 110 (1821)
- Molinia caerulea var. obtusa Peterm. in Bot. Excurs. Leipzig: 553 (1846)
- Molinia caerulea f. pallescens (Lange) Holmb. in Skand. Fl. 2: 191 (1926)
- Molinia caerulea var. pratensis Schltdl. in Fl. Berol. 1: 77 (1823)
- Molinia caerulea var. pseudodactylis Douin in G.E.M.Bonnier, Fl. Ill. France 12: 39 (1933)
- Molinia caerulea var. rivulorum (Pomel) Trab. in J.A.Battandier & L.C.Trabut, Fl. Algérie, Monocot.: 198 (1895)
- Molinia caerulea var. robusta Prahl in Krit. Fl. Prov. Schles.-Holst. 2: 257 (1890)
- Molinia caerulea var. salsuginosa Roshev. in V.L.Komarov (ed.), Fl. URSS 2: 312 (1934)
- Molinia caerulea var. subspicata Boenn. in Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 28 (1824)
- Molinia caerulea var. sylvatica Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 110 (1821)
- Molinia caerulea var. sylvestris Schltdl. in Fl. Berol. 1: 77 (1823)
- Molinia caerulea subsp. varia (Schrank) O.Schwarz in Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 87 (1949)
- Molinia caerulea f. variegata Beetle in Phytologia 38: 175 (1978), basionym not validly publ.
- Molinia caerulea var. vivipara Boenn. in Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 28 (1824)
- Molinia caerulea var. vivipara N.H.F.Desp. in Fl. Sarthe: 319 (1838), nom. illeg.
- Molinia depauperata Lindl. ex D.Don in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot.: t. 2641 (1831), pro syn.
- Molinia euxina Pobed. in Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 11: 36 (1949)
- Molinia horanszkyi Milk. in Symb. Bot. Upsal. 27(2): 143 (1987)
- Molinia hungarica Milk. in Symb. Bot. Upsal. 27(2): 143 (1987)
- Molinia minor (Holandre) Holandre in Fl. Moselle, ed. 2: 813 (1842)
- Molinia rivulorum Pomel in Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 2: 388 (1875)
- Molinia simonii Milk. in Symb. Bot. Upsal. 27(2): 142 (1987)
- Molinia simonii var. major Milk. in Symb. Bot. Upsal. 27(2): 142 (1987)
- Molinia varia Schrank in Baier. Fl. 1: 334 (1789)
- Molinia variabilis Wibel in Prim. Fl. Werth.: 115 (1799)
- Poa caerulea var. atrovirens (Thuill.) Mérat in Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris: 36 (1812)
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
- Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
- Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
- Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
- Mouterde, P. (1966). Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie 1(Texte): 1-563. Éditions de l'imprimerie Catholique, Beyrouth.
- Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1956). Flora Kazakhstana 1: 1-354. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
- Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Graham, R. [s.n.], United Kingdom | K000859981 | Yes | |||
Martin, P. [s.n.], United Kingdom | K000859983 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [196], United Kingdom | K000859985 | Yes | |||
Don, G.Sr. [s.n.], United Kingdom | K000859984 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [s.n.] | K000859982 | Yes |
Sources
-
GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
- Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
- Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Living Collection Database
- Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images