Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:2. 1972

Diagnostic

Differs from Agrostis in the long-awned glumes and dense panicle.

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Morphology General Habit

Herb.

Distribution

Naturalised in Colombia.

Conservation

Not Evaluated.

Ecology

Alt. 1000 - 3000 m.

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974

Morphology General Habit

Annual; culms 6–80 cm. high, in small tufts or solitary, erect or geniculate at the base.

Morphology Leaves

Leaf-blades 5–20 cm. long and 2–8 mm. wide, rough; ligule 3–15 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Panicle narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, cylindrical or lobed, 1.5–16 cm. long and 1–3.5 cm. wide, very dense and bristly, pale green or yellowish.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets narrowly oblong, 2–3 mm. long, falling with a minute piece of the pedicel; glumes slightly notched at the apex, rough with minute points especially in the lower part, minutely hairy on the margins, with a fine straight awn 4–7 mm. long; lemma about half the length of the glumes, smooth, awnless or with an awn up to 2 mm. long.

Figures

Fig. 33, p. 99.

Habitat

Stream banks and pond margins, probably adventive; 1500–2300 m.

Distribution

NE. tropical Africa, South AfricaMediterranean region northwards to British Isles, eastwards to India and Chinaintroduced and naturalized in most warm temperate countries K1 K4 K6 T1 T2

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit

Annual up to 80 cm high

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Panicle narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, cylindrical or lobed, 1.5–16 cm long, very dense and bristly

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets 2–3 mm long; glumes slightly notched at the tip, scabrid below, minutely hairy on the margins, with a fine straight awn 4–7 mm long; lemma about 1/2 the length of the glumes, smooth, awnless or with an awn up to 2 mm long.

Distribution

N1 warm temperate Old World.

Morphology General Habit

Annual; culms solitary, or caespitose. Culms erect, or decumbent; 6-80 cm long. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 3-15 mm long. Leaf-blades 5-20 cm long; 2-8 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface scaberulous; rough adaxially, or on both sides.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; oblong, or ovate; continuous, or interrupted; 1.5-16 cm long; 1-3.5 cm wide. Panicle branches scabrous. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels linear; 0.5 mm long; scabrous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 2-3 mm long; falling entire. Spikelet callus square; base obtuse.

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 2-3 mm long; falling entire. Spikelet callus square; base obtuse.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes similar; exceeding apex of florets; firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume oblong; 1 length of upper glume; membranous; 1-keeled; keeled above; 1 -veined. Lower glume primary vein scabrous. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume surface asperulous. Lower glume margins ciliolate. Lower glume apex emarginate; awned; 1 -awned. Lower glume awn 4-7 mm long. Upper glume oblong; 2 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; 1-keeled; keeled above; 1 -veined. Upper glume primary vein scabrous. Upper glume lateral veins absent. Upper glume surface asperulous. Upper glume margins ciliolate. Upper glume apex emarginate; awned; 1 -awned. Upper glume awn 4-7 mm long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Fertile lemma oblong; 1-1.5 mm long; hyaline; without keel; 5 -veined. Lemma lateral veins obscure. Lemma apex dentate; 4 -fid; muticous, or awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn from a sinus; 0-2 mm long overall. Palea 1 length of lemma; hyaline; 2 -veined.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Anthers 3; 0.3-0.5 mm long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; obovoid. Hilum linear.

Distribution

Europe: northern, southwestern, southeastern, and eastern. Africa: north, Macaronesia, west tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, south, middle Atlantic ocean, and western Indian ocean. Asia-temperate: Siberia, Soviet far east, Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, western Asia, Arabia, China, Mongolia, and eastern Asia. Asia-tropical: India, Indo-China, and Papuasia. Australasia: Australia and New Zealand. Pacific: north-central. North America: Subarctic, western Canada, eastern Canada, northwest USA, north-central USA, northeast USA, southwest USA, south-central USA, southeast USA, and Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Caribbean, western South America, Brazil, and southern South America. Antarctic: Subantarctic islands.

Reference

Aveneae. FTEA.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

Gramineae, E. Launert. Flora Zambesiaca 10:1. 1971

Morphology General Habit

A loosely caespitose rather variable annual.

Morphology Culms

Culms 5-75(90) cm. tall, 2-6-noded, erect or ascending from a decumbent base, slender to somewhat stout, simple, glabrous, smooth or sometimes scaberulous towards the panicle.

Morphology Leaves Leaf sheaths

Leaf-sheaths longer (the lower) to shorter (the upper) than the internodes, usually loose, glabrous, smooth or scaberulous towards the mouth.

Morphology Leaves Ligules

Ligule 3-15 mm. long, oblong, often lacerate, dorsally asperulous.

Morphology Leaves Leaf lamina

Leaf-laminae 2.5-15(20) x 0.2-0.9 cm., lanceolate-linear to linear, tapering to an acute point, usually expanded, flaccid to somewhat rigid, scaberulous along the nerves on both surfaces or smooth on the lower surface.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Panicle 1.5-16 cm. long, very dense, spike-like, bristly, cylindrical or often lobed, compact, rarely interrupted, pale-green or yellowish, rarely brownish; branches obliquely ascending to almost appressed to the rhachis, divided from the base.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel

Lateral pedicels rather short, disarticulating about the middle.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets 2-3 mm. long (excluding the awn).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes 1-2 mm. long (excluding the awn), subequal, narrowly oblong, dorsally scabrous, with the obtuse apex minutely 2-lobed; awn 4-7.5 mm. long, scaberulous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma

Lemma c. 1/2 the length of the glumes (excluding the awn), broadly elliptic with the apex minutely dentate; awn (if present) 1.5-2.5 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers

Anthers c. 0.5 mm. long, oblong.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis c. 1 mm. long.

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Naturalizada en Colombia; Alt. 1000 - 3000 m.; Andes.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/164232/42575192

Conservation

LC - least concern

Use Medicines Unspecified Medicinal Disorders

Medicinal (State of the World's Plants 2016).