Pentapogon R.Br.

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Morphology General Habit

Annual (1), or perennial. Culms erect (8/8), or geniculately ascending (1/8); 15-72-170 cm long; firm (8), or wiry (2). Lateral branches lacking (7/7). Ligule an eciliate membrane (7), or a ciliolate membrane (3).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open (5), or contracted (4), or spiciform (1). Primary panicle branches not whorled (9), or whorled at most nodes (1). Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension (8), or with a barren rhachilla extension (3). Spikelets linear (3/9), or lanceolate (6/9); laterally compressed; 3-5.42-10 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret (9/9). Floret callus brief (2), or evident (8); pubescent (6), or pilose (3), or bearded (1).

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension (8), or with a barren rhachilla extension (3). Spikelets linear (3/9), or lanceolate (6/9); laterally compressed; 3-5.42-10 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret (9/9). Floret callus brief (2), or evident (8); pubescent (6), or pilose (3), or bearded (1).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes persistent (9/9); reaching apex of florets (9/9); thinner than fertile lemma (9), or similar to fertile lemma in texture (1); parallel to lemmas (1), or gaping (9). Lower glume lanceolate, or elliptic (1); 0.75-0.9222-1 length of upper glume; hyaline (1/9), or membranous (8/9); 1-keeled (9/9); 1 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent (9), or distinct (1). Lower glume apex acute (5), or acuminate (5), or attenuate (2), or setaceously attenuate (1). Upper glume lanceolate, or elliptic (1); 1-1.038-1.25 length of adjacent fertile lemma; hyaline (1/9), or membranous (8/9); with undifferentiated margins (9), or hyaline margins (1); 1-keeled (9/9); 1 -veined. Upper glume apex acute (4), or acuminate (4), or attenuate (2), or setaceously attenuate (2).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Fertile lemma linear (1/9), or lanceolate (7/9), or elliptic (1/9); cartilaginous; keeled (9/9); 1 -veined (1/9), or 5 -veined (8/9). Lemma surface smooth (6), or asperulous (2), or scaberulous (1), or papillose (1); glabrous (9), or puberulous (1). Lemma margins flat (1), or involute (9). Lemma apex entire (7), or dentate (3); 2 -fid (3/3); obtuse (5/7), or acute (1/7), or acuminate (1/7); awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn subapical (7), or dorsal (5); flexuous (5), or geniculate (4), or bigeniculate (1); 2-4.083-6 length of lemma. Column of lemma awn glabrous (3/5), or puberulous (1/5), or hirsute (1/5). Palea 0.75 length of lemma; 2 -veined (3/3), or 3-4 -veined (1/3). Palea keels separated (7), or approximate (3); smooth (8), or scaberulous (1), or scabrous (1). Palea surface glabrous (9), or pubescent (1), or pilose (1).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Lodicules 2 (6/6); membranous (2/2); glabrous (5/6), or ciliate (2/6). Anthers 1-2 (2), or 3 (9).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (8/8); oblong (1/1); apex rostrate (2/2). Embryo 0.1-0.15-0.2 length of caryopsis. Hilum punctiform (3/5), or linear (2/5); 0.8 length of caryopsis.

Distribution

Tropical Asia (2), or Australasia, or Pacific (2).