Eulalia Kunth

Gramineae, T. A. Cope. Flora Zambesiaca 10:4. 2002

Morphology General Habit

Inflorescence of 1–many subdigitate racemes; racemes fragile, conspicuously pilose, with slender internodes.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets alike, paired, one sessile, one pedicelled, dorsally compressed, the callus obtuse, not long-barbate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Inferior glume cartilaginous to subcoriaceous, the back flat and usually nerveless, sharply inflexed on the flanks or becoming 2-keeled above, acute to obtuse or truncate, rarely biaristulate. Superior glume usually awnless.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Inferior floret represented by a lemma or sometimes suppressed.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma

Superior lemma linear to cordate, bidentate to bifid, usually with a glabrous awn.

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Morphology General Habit

Annual (5), or perennial (30). Rhizomes absent (31), or short (2), or elongated (2). Stolons absent (34), or present (1). Culms erect (22/24), or geniculately ascending (3/24), or decumbent (1/24); slender (2/2); 7-69.26-200 cm long; firm (33), or wiry (2); rooting from lower nodes (2/2). Lateral branches lacking (3/3). Leaves differentiated into sheath and blade (34), or without demarcation between sheath and blade (1). Ligule an eciliate membrane (12), or a ciliolate membrane (19), or a ciliate membrane (2), or a fringe of hairs (3). Leaf-blade base without a false petiole (34), or with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath (1). Leaf-blades filiform (5), or linear (32), or lanceolate (3); stiff (2), or firm (32), or flaccid (1). Leaf-blade midrib indistinct (1/2), or widened (1/2).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence composed of racemes; exserted (34), or embraced at base by subtending leaf (1). Racemes single (5), or paired (6), or digitate (30), or borne along a central axis (2); erect (2), or ascending (34); bearing 7-20 fertile spikelets on each (1/1). Rhachis tough (3), or fragile at the nodes (34); flattened (1/14), or angular (2/14), or subterete (11/14). Spikelet packing contiguous (34), or lax (1). Rhachis internodes filiform (1), or linear (33), or clavate (1). Rhachis internode tip transverse (28/30), or oblique (2/30); cupuliform (2/2). Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets sessile and pedicelled (34), or pedicelled (3); 2 in the cluster. Pedicels filiform (1), or linear (34); tip cupuliform (1/1).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets linear (1), or lanceolate (15), or elliptic (16), or oblong (5), or cuneate (1); dorsally compressed; 1.5-4.138-8 mm long; falling entire; deciduous from the base, or with accessory branch structures (34). Spikelet callus brief (24), or square (10), or oblong (1); pubescent (7/24), or pilose (6/24), or bearded (12/24); base obtuse (34), or acute (1); attached transversely (28), or attached obliquely (6), or inserted (1).

Fertile

Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets linear (1), or lanceolate (15), or elliptic (16), or oblong (5), or cuneate (1); dorsally compressed; 1.5-4.138-8 mm long; falling entire; deciduous from the base, or with accessory branch structures (34). Spikelet callus brief (24), or square (10), or oblong (1); pubescent (7/24), or pilose (6/24), or bearded (12/24); base obtuse (34), or acute (1); attached transversely (28), or attached obliquely (6), or inserted (1).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume

Glumes reaching apex of florets (1), or exceeding apex of florets (34); firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume lanceolate (6), or elliptic (22), or oblong (12); chartaceous (19), or cartilaginous (11), or coriaceous (5); without keels (2), or 2-keeled (33); 2 -veined (10/16), or 3 -veined (1/16), or 4 -veined (3/16), or 5 -veined (1/16), or 6 -veined (3/16), or 7-9 -veined (1/16). Lower glume lateral veins obscure (1), or distinct (34); intercarinal veins absent (3/8), or obscure (1/8), or distinct (5/8). Lower glume surface convex (12), or flat (15), or concave (14), or with a longitudinal median groove (1); glabrous (8), or pilose (18), or hirsute (2), or villous (8). Lower glume apex entire (22), or erose (1), or dentate (12); 2 -fid (12/12); emarginate (1/20), or truncate (12/20), or obtuse (6/20), or acute (3/20), or acuminate (1/20); muticous (31), or awned (4). Upper glume lanceolate (13), or elliptic (14), or oblong (8), or ovate (1); chartaceous (8/10), or coriaceous (2/10); with undifferentiated margins (33), or hyaline margins (1), or membranous margins (1); without keels (1/23), or 1-keeled (21/23), or 2-keeled (1/23); 1 -veined (12/20), or 2 -veined (2/20), or 3 -veined (9/20), or 5-7 -veined (1/20). Upper glume primary vein eciliate (32), or ciliate (4). Upper glume surface glabrous (13), or puberulous (1), or pubescent (2), or pilose (19), or villous (1); without hair tufts (34), or with a dorsal tuft of hair (1). Upper glume apex entire (32), or dentate (3); 2 -fid (3/3); emarginate (1/13), or truncate (6/13), or obtuse (5/13), or acute (1/13), or acuminate (2/13); muticous (24), or mucronate (2), or awned (9); 1 -awned (9/9).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Basal sterile florets barren (31/31); with palea (1/31), or without significant palea (30/31). Lemma of lower sterile floret linear (5/22), or lanceolate (6/22), or elliptic (2/22), or oblong (10/22), or ovate (3/22); hyaline (24/27), or membranous (3/27); 0 -veined (12/14), or 2 -veined (2/14); truncate (1/14), or obtuse (11/14), or acute (1/14), or acuminate (1/14). Fertile lemma linear (5/33), or lanceolate (6/33), or elliptic (3/33), or oblong (17/33), or ovate (1/33), or orbicular (1/33), or obovate (1/33), or cuneate (1/33); hyaline (34), or membranous (1); without keel; 0 -veined (1/15), or 1 -veined (9/15), or 2 -veined (1/15), or 3 -veined (6/15). Lemma margins eciliate (27), or ciliolate (6), or ciliate (2). Lemma apex entire (3), or erose (1), or dentate (8), or lobed (23); 2 -fid (31/31); incised 0.25-0.4265-0.5 of lemma length; truncate (1/2), or acute (1/2); muticous (2), or awned (34); 1 -awned (34/34). Principal lemma awn apical (3/34), or from a sinus (31/34); geniculate (31/34), or bigeniculate (3/34); limb glabrous (32/34), or puberulous (1/34), or pubescent (1/34). Column of lemma awn glabrous (27/34), or hispidulous (6/34), or ciliate (1/34). Palea present (13), or absent or minute (22); hyaline (5/13), or membranous (8/13); 0 -veined (1/1). Palea surface glabrous (12/13), or pilose (1/13).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Lodicules 2 (2/2); truncate (1/1). Anthers 3 (33/33).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (6/6); oblong (1/2), or obovoid (1/2). Embryo 0.5 length of caryopsis. Hilum punctiform (1/1).

Distribution

Africa (3), or Temperate Asia (15), or Tropical Asia (27), or Australasia (6).