Teijsmanniodendron scaberrimum Kosterm. ex Rusea

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/139805252/139810271

Conservation

VU - vulnerable

de Kok, R.P.J., Rusea, G. & Latiff, A. 2009. The genus Teijsmanniodendron Koord. (Lamiaceae). Kew Bulletin 64: 587. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-009-9156-9

Note

Synonym: A Teijsmanniodendron simplicioidi ramulis inflorescentiisque atque venulis foliorum pilis hispidis obtectis differt. Typus: Indonesia, Kalimantan, Sangkulirang Distr., at Karangan R. near Batu Pondang, 1 Sept. 1957, Kostermans 13644 (holotypus K!; isotypi BO!, KEP!, L!, NY!). Synonym: Teijsmanniodendron holophyllum var. pubescens Moldenke (1952: 57). Type: Indonesia, Kalimantan, Berouw [Berau], 25 Oct. 1927, van der Zwaan 609 (bb. 12144) (holotype BO!, photo. K; isotypes L!, NY!), synon. nov. Synonym: Teijsmanniodendron scaberrimum Kosterm. ex Moldenke (1971: 911 & 1980b: 31), nom. nud.

Morphology General Habit

Tree 2 – 20 m tall, DBH 15 – 30 cm; buttresses absent or up to 3 m high

Morphology General Bark

Bark smooth to scaly, grey to light brown; wood yellowish to pale brown

Morphology Twigs

Twigs terete, with stiff hairs to glabrescent

Morphology Leaves

Leaves unifoliolate; elliptic, 15 – 18 × 7 – 9 cm, apex broadly acute, base broadly acute, margin strongly recurved, strongly bullate, coriaceous, glabrous and shiny above, densely hispid hairs, especially on veins beneath; midrib sunken above, sharply raised beneath; lateral veins 5 – 6 pairs, arching and looping towards margin, distinct and raised beneath; intercostal veins reticulate, distinct and raised on both surfaces

Morphology Leaves Petiole

Petioles 3 – 4 cm long, terete, densely scabrous

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescences up to 25 cm long, covered with hispid hairs, dark brown; bracteoles linear, < 4 mm long, pubescent, persistent, red

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Flowering calyx 2.5 – 3 × 2 – 3 mm long, densely hairy; lobes 1 – 1.2 mm long, apex acute; fruiting calyx shallowly infundibular, 12 – 15 mm diam., slightly pubescent at base, rim entire to slightly irregularly lobed

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla dark violet to dark reddish-brown; central lobe of lower lip oblong to spathulate, 3.5 – 4 × 2 – 3 mm, apex round, purple, covered with white hairs; side lobes of lower lip 2.5 – 3 × 2 – 2.3 mm, apex acute; lobes of upper lip 2.2 – 3 × 1.8 – 2 mm, apex acute; tube 5 – 7 mm long; Stamens 4, 5 – 7 mm long, didynamous, with few white hairs

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary

Ovary globose, c- 1 mm diam., with a dense tuft of hairs at apex; style 8 – 8.5 mm long, glabrous to with few white hairs

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Fruits ellipsoid, 1 – 1.6 × 0.9 – 1.3 cm, smooth, impressed apically, glabrous with some hairs at apex, dark yellowish-orange; pericarp thin.

Distribution

Brunei and Indonesia: East Kalimantan.

Ecology

Found growing in primary or secondary forests, near rivers in floodplains, sometimes over sandstone; 25 – 1000 m.

Conservation

Least concern (LC). A rarely collected, widely distributed species, which is reported to be common when it is found.

Phenology

Flowering from June to November; fruiting from July to September.